生计资本视角下大都市近郊区农民旅游创业的影响因素——以北京市怀柔区莲花池村为例  

Factors influencing farmers’tourism entrepreneurship in suburban areas of large cities from the perspective of livelihood capital:A case study of Lianhuachi Village

作　　者：王美艳 王茂军[1] Wang Meiyan;Wang Maojun(College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国生态旅游》2022年第5期753-769,共17页Journal of Chinese Ecotourism

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题(2018YFD1100803)。

摘　　要：十九大报告明确指出,促进农村一二三产业融合发展,支持和鼓励农民就业创业,拓宽增收渠道。乡村旅游是农民创业的热点行业,也是乡村振兴的重要举措。本研究以北京市怀柔区旅游山村莲花池村为例,利用半结构式访谈及田野调研资料,基于扎根理论分析了农民旅游创业的行动逻辑及影响因素,建立了创业者特征、创业条件以及创业环境3个主范畴下农民旅游创业的影响因素理论模型,采用二元logistic回归分析方法,从是否旅游创业、是否存续的角度,讨论了农民旅游创业因素作用的动态变化。研究发现:(1)农民旅游创业决策模型分为创业者与创业条件两个维度。其中,创业条件包括家庭人力资本、物质资本和社会资本;(2)农民旅游创业存在女性化、年轻化趋向,家庭劳动能力、道路便捷性是进行创业的先决条件,家庭社交支出、创业者周围人群以及区域大环境是创业存续的促进条件;(3)农民旅游创业主导因素由个体因素转为外部社会化因素。It is clearly pointed out in the report of the 19th CPC National Congress that China will promote the integrated development of the primary,secondary,and tertiary industries in rural areas,support and encourage employment and business startups there,and open up more channels to increase rural incomes.Currently,rural tourism is a hot industry for villagers to start their own businesses and also an important measure for rural revitalization.Taking Lianhuachi Village,a typical tourism village in the Huairou District of Beijing,as an example,this study conducts semi-structured interviews and field surveys among villagers,applies the grounded theory to analyze their action logic and influencing factors of their entrepreneurship,and develops a theoretical model of influencing factors of villagers’entrepreneurship under three main categories of entrepreneurs’characteristics,entrepreneurial conditions,and entrepreneurial environment.In this study,binary logistic regression is used to analyze the effects of influencing factors from two aspects:whether to start a business and how to sustain the business.The study has three findings:First,the decision model of villagers’entrepreneur-ship has two aspects,entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial conditions which include human capital,physical capital and social capital of a family.Second,villagers’entrepreneurship features feminization and young age,family labor capacity and road accessibility are preconditions of starting a business,and family spending on socialization,key persons of village entrepreneurs and favorable environment in the region contribute to business sustainability.Third,dominant factors influencing the entrepreneurial choice have changed from internal ones to external and social ones.

关 键 词：农民创业 乡村旅游 生计资本 影响因素 莲花池村 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F592.7