猴痘病毒疫苗的研究进展  

Progress in research and development of monkeypox virus vaccine

作　　者：苏琳佳(综述) 许方婧伟(审校) 张云涛(审校) SU Lin-jia;XU Fang-jing-wei;ZHANG Yun-tao(Research and Develoment Management Department,China National Biotec Group Company Limited,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国生物技术股份有限公司科研管理部,北京100024

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2022年第5期1-5,共5页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：猴痘病毒(monkeypox virus,MPXV)和天花病毒同属于痘病毒科(Poxviridae)的正痘病毒属(Orthopoxvirus),二者具有高度的同源性和较强的传染性。20世纪80年代初,已经在世界范围内消灭了高致病性天花病毒,但致死率较低的MPXV至今却仍然是威胁人类生命健康的重大隐患之一。2022年初,欧美地区多个国家暴发了非典型性猴痘(atypical monkeypox)疫情,引起了世界范围的广泛关注。有研究者通过对MPXV全基因组进行测序比对发现,已出现了MPXV变异情况。随着猴痘疫情(monkeypox epidemic)的快速蔓延,全球公共卫生安全面临着严峻挑战。为有效应对MPXV流行,研制出更加安全、有效的猴痘疫苗(monkeypox vaccine)已迫在眉睫。现就猴痘疫苗及其研究进展作一概述。Monkeypox virus and variola virus belong to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family,and they have high homology and strong infectivity.The clinical presentations of monkeypox and variola are remarkbly similar.In the early 1980 s,the highly pathogenic variola virus had been eliminated worldwide,but MPXV with a low fatality rate still became one of the major hidden dangers threatening public health.In early 2022,the outbreak of atypical monkeypox in many western countries has caused worldwide concern.The researchers found that the mutation has occurred by sequencing and comparing the whole genome of MPXV.With the rapid spread of monkeypox epidemic,global public health security is facing severe challenges.To prevent the possible spread of MPXV,it is urgent to develop a safer and more effective monkeypox vaccine.This article provides an overview of progress of monkeypox vaccines development.

关 键 词：猴痘病毒 天花病毒 正痘病毒 非典型性 疫苗 传染病 防治 公共卫生安全 

分 类 号：R186.1[医药卫生—流行病学]