高精度钢轨端面坡度测量算法研究  

Research on high precision slope measurement algorithm for rail end face

作　　者：李筠[1] 梁坤 杨海马[1] 邹星林 李凡 Li Jun;Liang Kun;Yang Haima;Zou Xinglin;Li Fan(School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Shanghai Railnu Machinery Crop,Shanghai 201314,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学光电信息与计算机工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海瑞纽机械股份有限公司,上海201314

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2022年第9期29-36,共8页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

基　　金：中国科学院空间主动光电技术重点实验室开放基金(2021-ZDKF-4);国家自然科学基金联合基金(U1831133)项目资助。

摘　　要：当前国内在焊接钢轨之前需要通过塞尺与角度尺等接触式工具测量钢轨垂直度与端面坡度,由于人工测量步骤复杂,测量效率低,故研究了一种基于激光轮廓仪非接触式钢轨测量系统。系统由4个激光轮廓仪采集钢轨整个端面及侧面信息,然后运用二面角原理完成钢轨端面与侧面、端面与底面夹角的计算,最后再通过直角尺模型测得端面坡度。经现场测试,钢轨垂直度的重复测量误差小于0.2°,测量精度最高可达0.3°,端面坡度极限误差达到0.04 mm。实验结果证明所设计系统能够高效而又稳定地完成钢轨垂直度的检测工作,满足实际测试要求。At present, it is necessary to measure the rail verticality and end slope by contact tools such as feeler gauge and angle gauge before welding rails in China. Due to the complicated manual measurement steps and low measurement efficiency, a non-contact rail measurement system based on laser profilometer is developed. Four laser profilers collect the information of the whole end face and side of the rail, then use the principle of dihedral angle to complete the calculation of the angle between the end face and side, end face and bottom surface of the rail. Finally, the end face slope is measured by the right-angle ruler model. After the field tests, the repeated measurement error of rail verticality is less than 0.2°, the measurement accuracy can reach up to 0.3°, and the limit error of end face slope reaches 0.04 mm. The experimental results prove that the designed system can efficiently and stably complete the inspection of rail verticality and meet the actual test requirements.

关 键 词：钢轨检测 垂直度 垂直坡度 直角尺模型 

分 类 号：TP311.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论] TN29[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]