一条因误食异物而死亡的中华鲟组织病理学观察  

Histopathological observation of a dead Chinese sturgeon due to ingestion of foreign bodies

作　　者：徐金铖 张成林[1] 张海耿[1] 宋红桥[1] XU Jincheng;ZHANG Chenglin;ZHANG Haigeng;SONG Hongqiao(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第24期116-117,123,139,140,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB150703);中国水产科学研究院科技创新团队项目(2020TD78)。

摘　　要：为了探究某死亡中华鲟的死亡原因,试验首先对该死亡中华鲟进行体表观察、病理解剖与临床诊断,然后通过制备组织切片和H.E.染色对该死亡中华鲟进行组织病理学观察。结果表明:该死亡中华鲟体色发黑,肛门红肿,鳃丝呈梳齿状分布且末端呈深褐色。解剖后可见肝脏充血坏死,呈深褐色;胃部严重肿大且质地较硬,胃壁较厚,内部无食物,剖开后见大量淡黄色黏液包裹的异物,经检查为循环水养殖系统中移动床内生物滤料;肾脏坏死,组织间见大量黑色血块。组织病理学观察发现,肝脏、肾脏、肠道和胃等器官内细胞间有大量炎性细胞或红细胞浸润。其中肝细胞出现凝固性坏死,细胞间脂褐素沉积,胆管受损严重,组织细胞坏死脱落;肾小球肿大且系膜增生,肾小管基底膜分离,上皮细胞松散排列,肾小管萎缩,间质纤维化增生;肠道浆膜与肌层部分脱落,肠道黏膜层柱状上皮细胞坏死脱落,肠腔内分布少量坏死脱落的肠组织细胞;胃黏膜层柱状上皮细胞与固有层分离。说明该死亡中华鲟因误食循环水养殖系统中的生物滤料导致多器官病变,最终导致死亡。In order to explore the cause of death of a dead Chinese sturgeon,firstly,the body surface observation,pathological anatomy and clinical diagnosis of the dead Chinese sturgeon were performed,and then the histopathological observation of the dead Chinese sturgeon was performed through histopathological slides and H.E.staining.The results showed that the dead Chinese sturgeon had black body color,red and swollen anus,and the gill filaments were comb toothed and the ends were dark brown.After dissection,the liver showed congestion and necrosis,which was dark brown.The stomach was severely enlarged and hard,with a thick stomach wall,and there was no food inside.After being opened,a large number of foreign bodies wrapped in light yellow mucus were found,which were examined as biological filter materials in the mobile bed of the circulating aquaculture system.The kidneys were necrotic and numerous black blood clots were seen between the tissues.Histopathological observation showed that there were a large number of inflammatory cells or red blood cell infiltration between cells in liver,kidney,intestine and stomach.Coagulation necrosis occurred in hepatocytes,intercellular lipofuscin deposition,serious damage to bile duct,necrosis and shedding of tissue cells.The glomeruli were enlarged and mesangial proliferation;the basement membrane of the renal tubules was separated;the epithelial cells were loosely arranged;the renal tubules were atrophied,and the interstitial fibrosis was proliferated.The serosa and muscle layer of the intestinal tract were partially exfoliated;the columnar epithelial cells of the mucosal layer were necrotic and exfoliated,and a small amount of necrotic and exfoliated intestinal tissue cells were distributed in the intestinal cavity.The columnar epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa were separated from the lamina propria.These results indicated that the dead Chinese sturgeon had multiple organ lesions due to ingestion of biofilter material in recirculating aquaculture system,which eventually led

关 键 词：中华鲟 异物 H.E.染色 组织病理学 临床诊断 

分 类 号：S941.8[农业科学—水产养殖] Q954.6[农业科学—水产科学]