尖孢镰刀菌和大丽轮枝菌对丹参的致病力及诱导抗性的研究  

Pathogenicity and induced systemic resistance of Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahlia to Salvia miltiorrhiza

作　　者：濮春娟 刘莎 陆祖瑜 罗钰枝 王紫涵 陈美兰[1] PU Chun-juan;LIU Sha;LU Zzu-yu;LUO Yu-zhi;WANG Zi-han;CHEN Mei-lan(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-Di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Bejing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院,中药资源中心,道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2022年第21期5832-5837,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A03906)。

摘　　要：丹参是我国常用的大宗药材,由于近年来市场需求量不断增加,种植面积正在不断扩大。在丹参人工种植过程中,连作障碍现象十分严重,连作丹参长势明显减弱,根部病害发生日益严重,已严重影响到药材的产量和品质。在病原微生物侵袭植株时,会诱导植物产生抗性反应。课题组前期从丹参病株的根部分离得到尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum和大丽轮枝菌Verticillium dahlia。该研究对丹参接种尖孢镰刀菌F.oxysporum(Foc处理组)和大丽轮枝菌V.dahlia(Vd处理组)7 d后,丹参的发病率分别为48%、26%。2种病原菌均显著降低了丹参的地上部分生物量。接菌处理5 d后,防御相关的过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性达到峰值,且Foc处理组的酶活性显著高于Vd处理组。接菌3 d后,防御基因SmPDF2.1和SmPR10表达量最高,随后下降。结果表明,尖孢镰刀菌和大丽轮枝菌对丹参均有致病力,是丹参的致病菌,并能强烈诱导丹参产生系统抗性,且尖孢镰刀菌对丹参具有更强的致病能力和诱导系统抗性的能力。Salvia miltiorrhiza is a commonly used bulk medicinal material in China. Due to the increasing demand in recent years, the planting area is expanding. In the artificial cultivation of S. miltiorrhiza, continuous cropping obstacles are prominent, which has seriously restrained the growth of S. miltiorrhiza, resulted in serious root diseases, and affected the yield and quality of medicinal materials. The pathogen infection can induce plant resistance. Previously, this research group isolated Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahlia from the roots of diseased S. miltiorrhiza. In this study, 7 days after inoculation of S. miltiorrhiza with F. oxysporum(Foc group) and V. dahlia(Vd group), the incidence rates in S. miltiorrhiza were 48% and 26%, respectively. Both the two pathogens significantly reduced the aboveground biomass of S. miltiorrhiza. Five days after inoculation, the activities of defensive enzymes, such as peroxidase(POD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) reached the peak. The enzyme activity of the Foc group was significantly higher than that of the Vd group. Three days after inoculation, the expression of defense genes SmPDF2.1 and SmPR10 peaked and then decreased. The results showed that F. oxysporum and V. dahlia showed pathogenicity to S. miltiorrhiza and could strongly induce systemic resistance. In terms of the above indexes, F. oxysporum was superior to V. dahlia.

关 键 词：丹参 根腐病 尖孢镰刀菌 大丽轮枝菌 系统抗性 

分 类 号：S435.675[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]