矿物质在肉牛饲养中的作用  

The Role of Minerals in Beef Cattle Feeding

作　　者：孟庆翔[1] MENG Qingxiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《饲料工业》2022年第24期1-8,共8页Feed Industry

摘　　要：矿物质在肉牛饲养中具有重要的作用,包括维持骨骼发育、免疫功能、肌肉收缩和神经系统功能等。肉牛至少需要17种矿物元素,包括7种常量矿物元素和10种微量矿物元素。矿物元素间具有相对复杂的相互作用关系,其中包括钙磷比、镁钾钙比值、铜-钼-硫相互作用、铜-硫相互作用、铜-铁相互作用、硒-硫相互作用等。矿物元素在饲粮中的生物学利用率是衡量其营养价值的重要指标。一般来说,矿物元素中硫酸盐和氯化物的生物学利用率高于氧化物,而且铜、锰和锌的有机形态的相对生物学利用率明显高于其相应的无机形态的相对生物学利用率。在肉牛饲养中,可以通过多种方式补充矿物质,包括简单盐基预混料方式、微量元素舔块方式、蛋白质浓缩料方式和全混日粮方式等。Minerals play an important role in beef cattle feeding, including maintaining bone development, immune function, muscle contraction and nervous system function. Beef cattle requires at least 17mineral elements, including seven macro-minerals and ten trace-mineral elements. There are relatively complex interaction relationships among mineral elements, including calcium to phosphorus ratio, magnesium-potassium-calcium interaction, copper-molybdenum-sulfur interaction, copper-sulfur interaction,copper-iron interaction, and selenium-sulfur interaction. The biological availability of mineral elements in diets is an important index to evaluate their nutritional value. In general, the biological availability of sulfates and chlorides among dietary mineral elements is higher than that of oxides, and the relative biological availability of the organic forms of copper, manganese and zinc is significantly higher than that of their corresponding inorganic forms. In beef cattle feeding, minerals can be supplemented in a variety of ways, including simple salt-based premix, trace element licking block, protein-concentrate and total mixed ration.

关 键 词：矿物质 肉牛 相互作用关系 生物学利用率 常量矿物元素 微量矿物元素 

分 类 号：S816.72[农业科学—饲料科学]