门诊心脏康复频次对冠心病患者生命质量改善及生活方式改变的影响  

Effect of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life and lifestyle changes in patients with coronary heart disease

作　　者：齐喜玲[1] 黄爱玲[1] 毋静 曾闯 申晓彧[1] Qi Xiling;Huang Ailing;Wu Jing;Zeng Chuang;Shen Xiaoyu(Department of Cardiology,Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二医院心内科,太原030001

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2022年第12期1127-1132,共6页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D421071)。

摘　　要：目的观察门诊心脏康复频次对冠心病患者生命质量改善及生活方式改变的影响。方法纳入2020年1—12月在山西医科大学第二医院门诊心脏康复中心进行运动康复的135例冠心病患者,根据参加门诊康复的频次将患者分为低次数组(≤12次)63例、中次数组(13~24次)37例和高次数组(≥25次)35例。回顾性收集患者临床资料、心脏康复情况以及康复前后西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)评分和SF-36生命质量评分,通过门诊或电话了解收集患者院外饮食运动等生活方式改变情况,比较3组间患者康复后症状、生命质量及生活方式改变情况。结果与康复前相比,低次数组患者心脏康复后SAQ的5个维度评分均无明显改善(均P>0.05),SF-36仅情感职能和健康变化评分改善(P<0.05);中次数组患者在SAQ的心绞痛稳定状态、心绞痛发作情况、治疗满意程度和SF-36的躯体疼痛、健康变化评分有改善(P<0.05);高次数组患者SAQ和SF-36各维度评分均有改善(P<0.05)。进行心脏康复后,高次数组患者SAQ及SF-36各维度评分均明显高于低次数组患者(P<0.05)。高次数组患者院外改变不良生活方式比例明显高于低次数组患者[27例(77.14%)比24例(38.10%),χ^(2)=13.74,P<0.001]。结论参与门诊心脏康复次数越多,患者症状及生命质量改善越显著,患者越能够掌握正确的运动方法并建立健康生活方式,最终实现冠心病的长期自我管理。Objective To investigate the effect of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation on the quality of life and lifestyle changes in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods A total of 135 patients with coronary heart disease who received exercise rehabilitation in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were enrolled in the study.Among them,63 cases seldom attended(≤12 sessions,low-attending group),37 cases less frequently attended(13-24 sessions,medium-attending group)and 35 cases attended frequently(≥25 sessions,high-attending group).The clinical data,cardiac rehabilitation,Seattle Angina Scale(SAQ)score and SF-36 quality of life score before and after rehabilitation,and lifestyle changes such as out-of-hospital exercise were documented and compared among the three groups.Results Compared with baseline,the 5-dimensional scores of SAQ and the 9-dimensional scores of SF-36(except for role-emotional and health change)were not significantly improved after cardiac rehabilitation in low-attending group(P>0.05),while the angina stability,angina frequency,treatment satisfaction of SAQ,and bodily pain,health change of SF-36 in medium-attending group were improved(P<0.05),and both SAQ and SF-36 in high-attending group were increased(P<0.05).After cardiac rehabilitation,the SAQ and SF-36 scores of patients in high-attending group were significantly higher than those of patients in low-attending group(P<0.05).The lifestyle was changed in 77.14%(27/35)patients of high-attending group,which was higher and that of low-attending group(38.10%,24/63)(χ^(2)=13.74,P<0.001).Conclusion The outpatient exercise rehabilitation can improve the quality of life and change lifestyle of patients with coronary heart disease;and the effect of rehabilitation is associated with the attending frequency.

关 键 词：心脏康复 冠心病 生命质量 生活方式 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]