人工降雨试验中风速对落地雨强空间分布的影响研究  

Study on the influence of wind speed on spatial distribution of rainfall intensity in artificial rainfall experiment

作　　者：高凯 杨志勇[1,2] 高希超 徐俊杰 GAO Kai;YANG Zhiyong;GAO Xichao;XU Junjie(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报（中英文）》2022年第6期549-556,共8页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51879274);流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室团队项目(SKL2020ZY03,SKL2022TS11)。

摘　　要：气候变化和城镇化发展使得极端暴雨发生频率增加,实验室降雨试验可为极端暴雨灾害的研究提供数据支撑。通过开展不同情景下的实验室降雨试验与数值模拟,研究了风对落地雨强分布的影响,分析了风导致试验区域平均落地雨强减小的原因。结果表明:(1)风会使试验区域的实际平均落地雨强减小,主要原因是降雨中不同粒径雨滴在风场作用下漂移距离的不同,导致了地面受雨面积扩张。(2)受雨范围内落地雨强的均匀性受风速影响,落地雨强均匀性随风速增加而下降。为提高试验数据的准确性,在进行降雨模拟试验时需要考虑风速的影响,结合实验室实际条件合理确定试验范围。Climate change and urbanization increase the frequency of extreme rainstorms,and laboratory rainfall experiments can provide data support for the research of disasters caused by extreme rainstorms.Through laboratory rainfall experiments and numerical simulations with different scenarios,the influence of wind on the distribution of landing rain intensity was studied,and the reasons for the decrease of average rainfall intensity in the experimental area caused by wind were analyzed.The results show that:(1)the wind will reduce the actual average landing rain intensity in the experiment area,which is mainly due to the different drift distance of raindrops with different particle sizes in the rainfall under the action of the wind field,resulting in the expansion of the ground rain area.(2)The uniformity of landing rain intensity within the rain range is affected by wind speed,and the uniformity of landing rain intensity decreases with the increase of wind speed.To improve the accuracy of experiment data,it is necessary to consider the influence of wind and reasonably determine the experiment range in combination with the actual conditions of the laboratory.

关 键 词：降雨试验 风致误差 落地雨强 雨滴轨迹 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：P334[天文地球—水文科学]