施肥对雷竹光合特性及笋产量与品质的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Shoot Yield and Quality of Phyllostachys praecox

作　　者：陈元镇[1] 许冰 陈慧婷 刘少彦 李宝福[2] Chen Yuanzhen;Xu Bing;Chen Huiting;Liu Shaoyan;Li Baofu(Fujian Forestry Vocational&Technical College,Nanping 353000,Fujian,China;Fujian Academy of Forestry,Fuzhou 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建林业职业技术学院,福建南平353000 [2]福建省林业科学研究院,福州350012

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2022年第6期49-53,共5页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：福建林业职业技术学院院士专家工作站科研项目(2019YSZ002)。

摘　　要：在闽北开展雷竹施肥试验,设置4种施肥处理:不施肥对照(处理1),施用氮磷钾复合肥(375 kg/667 m^(2),处理2),施用有机肥(腐熟的鸡粪5 t/667 m^(2),处理3),施用有机肥与氮磷钾复合肥(腐熟的鸡粪3 t/667 m^(2)和氮磷钾复合肥150 kg/667 m^(2),处理4),分析不同施肥处理对雷竹叶片光合色素含量、光合特性、竹林生长、笋产量和品质等的影响,筛选出适合闽北雷竹经营的优化施肥方案。结果表明:不同施肥处理对雷竹叶片光合色素含量的影响未达到显著差异水平,但对竹林的光合特性、生长量、笋产量和笋营养物质含量均产生显著性差异影响;光合特性指标表现最优的是处理3和处理4,竹林生长效果最好的为处理2和处理4,竹笋产量和笋品质表现最优的是处理4和处理3。综合分析认为,最优施肥方案为处理4,即施用有机肥(腐熟的鸡粪)3 t/667 m^(2)+氮磷钾复合肥150 kg/667 m^(2),该施肥处理可有效提升雷竹光合作用效率、促进竹林生长、增加竹笋产量及提高竹笋营养价值。The fertilization experiment is carried out at Phyllostachys praecox forest in the north of Fujian Province.Four fertilization treatments are designed,including non-fertilized control(Treatment 1),fertilized with NPK compound fertilizer(375 kg/667 m^(2))(treatment 2),fertilized with organic fertilizer(rotting chicken manure,5 t/667 m^(2))(treatment 3),and fertilized with organic fertilizer(rotting chicken manure,3 t/667 m^(2))+NPK compound fertilizer(150 kg/667 m^(2))(Treatment 4),to analysis the effects of different fertilization treatments on photosynthetic pigment content,photosynthetic characteristics,bamboo growth,shoot yield and quality of P.praecox and screen out the optimized fertilization scheme suitable for the management of P.praecox in North Fujian.The results show that the effects of different fertilization treatments on photosynthetic pigment contents of P.praecox are not significantly different,while the effects on the photosynthetic characteristics,bamboo growth,shoot yield and nutrient content in shoot are significant different.Treatments 3 and 4 have the best performance in photosynthetic characteristics,treatments 2 and 4 have the greatest effects on bamboo growth,and treatments 4 and 3 have the best effects on the yield and quality of shoots.Based on the above analysis,it is found that treatment 4 is the optimal fertilization scheme,i.e.,applying organic fertilizer(rotting chicken manure)(3 t/667 m^(2))+NPK compound fertilizer(150 kg/667 m^(2)),which can effectively enhance the photosynthetic efficiency,facilitate the growth of bamboo forest,increase the yield of bamboo shoots and improve the nutritional value of bamboo shoot.

关 键 词：雷竹 施肥 光合特性 生长发育 笋产量 竹笋营养 福建南平 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]