基于消费者需求视角的农业面源污染治理生态补偿标准测算——以长沙市为例  

Measurement of Ecological Compensation Standard for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control Based on Consumer Demand Perspective-A Case of Changsha City

作　　者：曹莹 金杰 黄福卫 文高辉 Cao Ying;Jin Jie;Huang Fuwei;Wen Gaohui(School of Geographical Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan 410081;School of Public Administration,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075;Hunan Provincial Education Examination Board,Changsha Hunan 410006)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学地理科学学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]中南大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410075 [3]湖南省教育考试院,湖南长沙410006

出　　处：《国土资源导刊》2022年第4期59-65,共7页Land & Resources Herald

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30448);湖南省自然资源科研项目(2021G01);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(18YBQ097);湖南省教育厅创新平台开放基金项目(19K062)。

摘　　要：基于消费者视角,探讨生态补偿标准是丰富补偿主体范围拓宽补偿供给渠道的有效思路。本文采用意愿调查法构建出假想社会经济市场,进而模拟农田生态环境改善受益主体——城镇居民(消费者)对农户(生产者)在农业面源污染防治下的农田生态环境及农产品的需求意愿和付出额度。研究结果表明:在化肥农药施用量均减少50%的情况下消费者意愿政府向农户进行补偿的比例最高,占样本的84.88%;消费者意愿政府进行生态补偿的额度在1339.2元/hm^(2)~1753.2元/hm^(2)范围内。在化肥农药使用量被限制的条件下,消费者愿意对农产品价格进行补偿的额度在23.84%~31.76%之间,限制标准强度增强,消费者的补偿额度愈高。从消费者视角出发探讨生态补偿标准,能为湖南省制定尊重公众接受能力的生态补偿机制及政策、解决农田生态环境改善供给不足提供参考借鉴,实现湖南省绿色农业的可持续发展。From the consumer's point of view,exploring ecological compensation standards is an effective idea to broaden the scope of compensation topics and widen compensation channels.In this paper,the Contingent Valuation Method is used to construct a hypothetical socioeconomic market.Then,the willingness of urban residents(consumers),who are the main beneficiaries of farmland ecological environment improvement,to demand and pay for farmland ecological environment and agricultural products of farmers(producers)under control of agricultural non-point source pollution is simulated.The results of the study show that the highest percentage of consumers are willing to compensate farmers if the use of fertilizers and pesticides is reduced by 50%(84.88%of the sample),and consumer willingness to provide environmental compensation to the government in this case ranged from 1339.2 yuan/hm^(2) to 1753.2 yuan/hm^(2).Under the condition of restricting the use of fertilizers and pesticides,consumers are willing to compensate between 23.84%and 31.76%of the price of agricultural products,and the higher the intensity of the restriction criteria,the higher the amount of compensation for consumers.The ecological compensation standard is discussed from the perspective of consumers,and can serve as a reference for Hunan Province to formulate an ecological compensation mechanism and policy that respects public acceptance and solves the shortage of supply of farmland for ecological environmental improvement,so as to realize the sustainable development of green agriculture in Hunan Province.

关 键 词：农田生态补偿 补偿标准 消费者需求 农业面源污染 意愿调查法 

分 类 号：F724.73[经济管理—产业经济]