试论形义互动法在双音复合词结构类型判定中的运用  

On Applications of Form-semantics Interaction Method in Structure Type Determinations of Disyllabic Compound Words

作　　者：李乃东 罗雯茜 LI Nai-dong;LUO Wen-xi(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang,Jiangsu 222005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学中文系,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2023年第1期87-93,共7页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“汉语复句历史演变研究及其语料库建设”(16ZDA207);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究课题“汉魏六朝因果标记搭配模式研究”(2019SJA1567);江苏省社会科学基金课题“汉魏六朝因果构式发展演变研究”(20YYD001)。

摘　　要：目前学界对双音复合词结构类型及判定方法存在较多分歧,甚至对一些实例的分析结论也多有差异。意义和形式是判定现代汉语双音复合词结构类型的两条主要标准。单纯意义标准的优势是直观生动,有权威字词典等工具书参照等;不足之处是意义演变情况复杂、词义透明度差异较大等因素影响双音复合词的词义解读。单纯形式标准优势是客观简便,一定程度上摆脱了意义的束缚;不足之处是语素性质判定、语素组合类型具有非唯一性等。研究表明“以义为主,以形为辅,形义互动”的形义互动判定方法能够有效弥补单纯形式与意义标准的不足,并且能够较大幅度提高双音复合词结构类型判定的准确性。形义互动法为解决相关问题提供了借鉴,但自身仍需继续深化完善。At present, there are many differences on the structure types and determination methods of disyllabic compound words, and even the analysis conclusions of some examples are different. Meaning and form are the two main criteria for determining the structure types of modern Chinese disyllabic compound words. The advantage of simple meaning standard is intuitive and vivid, authoritative word dictionary and other reference books;The disadvantage is that the complexity of meaning evolution and the big difference of meaning transparency affect the interpretation of two-tone compound words. The advantage of simple form standard is that it is objective and simple,and to some extent it gets rid of the bondage of meaning. The shortcomings are the determination of morpheme properties and the non-uniqueness of morpheme combination types. The research shows that the method of "taking sense as the main, form as the auxiliary, and form-meaning interaction" can effectively make up for the deficiency of simple form and meaning standard, and can greatly improve the accuracy of the determination of the structure type of disyllabic compound words. The interaction method of form and meaning provides reference for solving relevant problems, but it still needs to be further deepened and improved.

关 键 词：形义互动 双音复合词 结构类型 判定 

分 类 号：H146.1[语言文字—汉语]