噬菌体防治副溶血弧菌感染研究进展  

Research Progress on Bacteriophage in Prevention and Treatment of Infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus

作　　者：李文馨 许华[2] 黎睿君[1] 董宣[2] 黄倢 Li Wenxin;Xu Hua;Li Ruijun;Dong Xuan;Huang Jie(Dalian Ocean University,Dalian,Liaoning 116023,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室,青岛市海水养殖流行病学与生物安保重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2023年第1期88-94,101,共8页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：青岛市市南区科技计划资助项目(2022-2-027-ZH);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(20603022022005,20603022022011);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助项目(2020TD39)。

摘　　要：副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)不仅是我国水产养殖中引发细菌性疾病的重要病原菌,也是引发水产品食源性疾病的重要致病菌。近年来,噬菌体(bacteriophage)作为抗生素替代品在防治细菌性疾病方面的研究得到广泛关注,未来可能是破解抗生素滥用导致的微生物耐药难题的新型生物制剂,具有广阔的应用前景。噬菌体具有高度宿主特异性和宿主菌依赖性,可有效控制软体动物、甲壳类动物、鱼类动物副溶血弧菌感染;结合基因工程技术、鸡尾酒疗法可解决噬菌体在防治副溶血弧菌感染中的一些不足,但噬菌体安全风险仍需进一步评估。今后,深入研究噬菌体的结构与功能,揭示噬菌体与宿主之间相互作用关系,是推动噬菌体应用于生产实践的重要基础;优化噬菌体鸡尾酒疗法、噬菌体基因编辑等,将成为噬菌体治疗研究领域的重要方向。噬菌体将为水产养殖绿色发展和生物安保提供重要技术手段。Vibrio parahaemolyticus,as a major pathogenic bacteria,not only leads to bacterial diseases in aquaculture in China,but also to food-borne diseases in aquatic products. In recent years,bacteriophage has been widely concerned as an antibiotic substitute by the researches on the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases,which,with broad application prospects,might be used as a new biological agent to solve the problem of microbial drug resistance caused by abuse of antibiotics. The Vibrio parahaemolyticus in molluscs,crustaceans and fishes could be effectively controlled by the bacteriophage with high host specificity and host bacteria dependence;some shortages of bacteriophage in the prevention and treatment of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection could be solved by the combination of genetic engineering technology and cocktail therapy,but the safety risks thereof still need to be further evaluated.In the future,in-depth study on the structure and function of bacteriophage to reveal the interaction relationship between bacteriophage and hosts would be an important basis to push forward the application of bacteriophage in production practice;optimizing bacteriophage cocktail therapy and gene editing would be an important direction to the field of researches on bacteriophage therapy. Bacteriophage could be used as an important technical tool for the green development of aquaculture and biosecurity.

关 键 词：噬菌体 副溶血弧菌 抗生素替代品 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]