基于种子萌发特征的黔东南特有植物锯缘报春苣苔濒危机制探讨  

Study on the endangered mechanism of Primulina serrulata,an endemic plant in southeastern Guizhou,based on the characteristics of seed germination

作　　者：窦全丽[1] 唐小迪 张仁波[1] 王双双 钱正敏[1] 胡艳 DOU Quanli;TANG Xiaodi;ZHANG Renbo;WANG Shuangshuang;QIAN Zhengmin;HU Yan(Zunyi Normal University,Zunyi 563006,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义师范学院,贵州遵义563006

出　　处：《贵州科学》2022年第6期37-41,共5页Guizhou Science

基　　金：遵义市科技局项目(遵市科合计〔2018〕11号);遵义师范学院博士基金(遵师BS〔2018〕17号)。

摘　　要：锯缘报春苣苔(Primulina serrulata R.B.Zhang&F.Wen)是黔东南特有的濒危植物,观赏价值较高,具有较高的潜在经济开发价值。本文研究了该物种的种子萌发特性,以探讨其濒危机制并进行有针对性的保护,也为其开发利用提供基础资料。赤霉素(GA 3)在萌发纸和营养土基质中具有较为明显的提高发芽率和促进种子提前萌发的作用,而在泥炭土+珍珠岩基质中则无提高或提前的作用,这可能与基质本身特性有关。从促进萌发、节约资源和环境保护等因素综合来看,用于浸种的GA 3浓度为50 mg/L效果最佳。锯缘报春苣苔种子无休眠现象,且萌发能力较强,说明这并非其濒危的原因,而生境偏好和风力(传播种子)受限可能是其濒危的主要生物学原因,尤其该物种现在处于(极)小种群状态,这更加剧了因为环境波动和人为干扰导致的灭绝风险,亟需开展对该物种的生境保护和迁地保护。Primulina serrulata R.B.Zhang&F.Wen is an endemic endangered plant in southeastern Guizhou,which has high ornamental value and potential economic value.In this paper,the seed germination characteristics of this species are studied,so as to explore its endangered mechanism,to carry out targeted protection,and to provide basic information for its development and utilization.Gibberellin(GA 3)can significantly increase the germination rate and accelerate seed germination in germinating paper and nutrient soil substrate,but not in peat soil+perlite substrate,which may be related to the characteristics of the mixed substrate.From the aspects of promoting germination,saving resources and environmental protection,the optimal GA 3 concentration for seed soaking is 50 mg/L.The seeds of Primulina serrulata has no dormancy and strong germination ability,which is not the cause of its endangered status.Habitat preference and limited wind power(spreading seeds)may be the main biological reasons for its endangered status.The species now has a(very)small population,which aggravates the extinction risk caused by environmental fluctuations and human interference.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out in situ conservation and ex situ conservation of Primulina serrulata.

关 键 词：苦苣苔科 迁地保护 赤霉素 萌发基质 萌发动态 发芽势 发芽指数 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]