水泥窑协同处置固体废物中重金属形态分析及浸出含量研究  

Study on morphology and leaching content of heavy metals in co-processing of solid waste in cement kiln

作　　者：葛之萌 杨楠 李沙 原秀芳 高丽丽 申前进 郭建平[1] GE Zhimeng(Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science Research,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司,北京100041

出　　处：《水泥》2023年第1期30-36,共7页Cement

摘　　要：水泥窑协同处置固体废物是实现固废减量化、无害化和资源化利用的重要途径。本文对水泥窑协同处置飞灰、铜渣、硫酸渣、混合污泥的四条生产线的固体废物(飞灰、铜渣、硫酸渣、混合污泥)和熟料进行了重金属总量、形态分析和浸出含量的测定。重金属总量的测定结果显示固体废物中重金属含量非常高(如混合污泥中的铬元素甚至达到1.8×10^(4)mg/kg),如果不经过妥善处理而直接堆存或排放,会对环境造成极大危害。本论文利用自主研发的连续浸提装置通过BCR连续浸提法对固体废物和熟料中的重金属(As、Cr、Cd、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn)进行了形态分析。分析结果显示固体废物中的重金属形态以弱酸可提取态和可还原态为主,经过水泥窑煅烧后,熟料中的重金属形态以残渣态为主,说明固化效果良好。实验采用标准方法对水泥胶砂试块进行养护,并对养护后的试块进行浸提,以基准水泥作为参照,结果显示在现有固废添加量下,水泥窑协同处置固废生产的水泥产品中的重金属向环境迁移的风险较低。The cement rotary kiln co-processing technique is accepted as an effective way to realize the reduction,harmlessness and resource utilization of solid waste.In this paper,the total amount,morphology analysis and leaching content of heavy metals in solid wastes(fly ash,copper slag,sulfuric acid slag and mixed sludge)and clinker of four production lines of cement kiln co-processing fly ash,copper slag,sulfuric acid slag and mixed sludge were determined.The determinate results showed that the total content of heavy metals in solid waste was very high(e.g.the content of chromium in the mixed sludge even reached 1.8×10^(4) mg/kg),which may cause environment contamination if without proper treatment and stored or discharged directly.In this paper,the speciation analysis of heavy metals(As,Cr,Cd,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,Zn)in solid wastes and clinker were determined by means of BCR sequential extraction procedure,which using the independent invented sequential extraction device.The analysis results showed that the heavy metal forms in solid waste were mainly weak acid extractable and reducible.After calcination in cement kiln,the heavy metal forms in clinker were mainly residual,indicating that the significant fixation effect.In the experiment,the standard method was used to maintain the cement mortar test block,and the cured test block was extracted with the reference cement.The results showed that the risk of heavy metals in cement products produced by cement kiln co-processing solid waste migrating to the environment was low under the existing solid waste addition.

关 键 词：水泥窑协同处置 重金属含量 形态分析 浸出含量 

分 类 号：TQ172.12[化学工程—水泥工业]