生活垃圾处理设施治理的法治逻辑  

The Rationale of the Treatment of Domestic Watse Disposal Facilities

作　　者：徐文海 王安琪 XU Wenhai;WANG Anqi(Law School,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学法学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期115-124,共10页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学一般项目“环境污染民事诉讼中因果关系证明的实证研究”(18NDJC054YB)。

摘　　要：近年来,由垃圾处理设施而引起的社会纠纷矛盾频现,垃圾处理设施法治化是化解纠纷的最终出路,建立我国垃圾处理设施的法治化路径迫在眉睫。从规制与诉讼的规范性视角出发,垃圾处理设施法治化可从两个方面入手:一是在对垃圾处理设施进行规范分类的基础上,明确垃圾处理设施设置的许可制,许可要件包括技术标准要件、环境影响评价要件、设置者的能力要件以及消极要件,同时,立法不宜将周边居民同意作为许可要件;二是在诉讼解决方面,明确周边可能受到影响的居民的原告适格,以类型化的人格权为权利依据,在考虑业者是否遵守环境法律基准、处理业者的能力以及公共性抗辩的基础上,对因果关系的证明采取原被告共同且各自承担的方式。In recent years,social disputes caused by waste treatment facilities are frequent.Given this situation,the legalization of regulating waste treatment facilities is the ultimate way out of this problem which calls for immediate action.From the standpoint of the regulation and lawsuit of waste disposal facilities,this paper tries to put forward the path of the legalization of regulating waste disposal facilities in China.Firstly,on the basis of the standardized classification of waste treatment facilities,the licensing system of waste treatment facilities should be defined.The licensing requirements include technical standard requirements,environmental impact assessment requirements,the ability of the setters and negative requirements.At the same time,the legislation should not take the consent of neighboring residents as the licensing requirement.In the aspect of litigation settlement,the plaintiff’s eligibility of the potentially affected neighboring residents should be clarified,and the plaintiff’s right of personality should be taken as the right basis.The plaintiff’s and defendant’s proof of causality are taken in a common and respective way on the basis of whether the business abides by the environmental legal standards,the ability of dealing with the business and the public defense.

关 键 词：垃圾处理设施 规范 许可要件 因果关系 

分 类 号：D913.8[政治法律—民商法学]