作物镰刀菌枯萎病及其生物防治的研究进展  

Research Progress on Crop Fusarium wilt Disease and Its Biological Control

作　　者：刘慧迪 黄继宁 成志军 田小卫 LIU Huidi;HUANG Jining;CHENG Zhijun;Tian Xiaowei(College of Horticulture and Landscape,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Hunan Zhongyan Industrial Co.Ltd.,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300392 [2]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,长沙410007

出　　处：《植物医学》2022年第5期8-22,共15页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：重庆市烟草专卖局(公司)科技计划项目(B20211NY1316);中国烟草总公司重大科技项目(110202101047(LS-07)).

摘　　要：栽培作物镰刀菌枯萎病是世界上危害最大的土传性病害之一,其寄主范围广泛,能够侵染茄科、豆科、芭蕉科、葫芦科、十字花科等多种作物,造成萎蔫死亡,严重影响产量和品质.防治镰刀菌枯萎病的方法包括物理措施、化学措施、农业措施、植物检疫等,但防效一直不够稳定,探索出有效控制镰刀菌枯萎病发生蔓延的技术及其控制原理是生产上亟待解决的重大科学问题.生物防治是指利用生物之间的相互关系来防治病害,具有资源丰富、环境友好的特点,是值得深度探究和具有广阔发展前景的防治方法,是有效控制镰刀菌枯萎病的重要突破口.本研究从镰刀菌枯萎病的生物防治因子、生物防治机制、生物防治的应用等方面阐述了相关研究进展并进行展望,以期为后续研究提供理论依据.Fusarium wilt is one of the most destructive soil borne disease in the world.It has a wide range of hosts and can infect a variety of crops including Solanaceae,Leguminosae,Musaceae,Cucurbitaceae,Cruciferae and so on,causing collapse and death of plants,seriously affecting the yield and quality.The methods of controlling Fusarium wilt include physical,chemical,agricultural measures,plant quarantine,etc.,but the control effect is not stable enough.Therefore,it is urgent to explore a broad-spectrum,safe and efficient method for prevention and treatment of this disease.Biological control refers to the use of the mutual relationship between organisms to control diseases.It has the characteristics of abundant resources and environment friendly.It is a control method worthy of in-depth exploration and has broad development prospects.It is an important breakthrough for effective control of Fusarium wilt.In this paper,the research progress of biological control factors,biological control mechanism and application of biological control of Fusarium wilt were reviewed and prospected,in order to provide theoretical basis for subsequent research.

关 键 词：镰刀菌 生物防治 生防机制 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]