仿生螺旋结构复合材料动态断裂行为的实验研究和数值模拟  

Experimental study and numerical simulation of dynamic fracture behavior of biomimetic spiral structured composite

作　　者：王瑜 武晓东 安连浩 王可 WANG Yu;WU Xiaodong;AN Lianhao;WANG Ke(School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Institute of Nuclear Emergency and Nuclear Safety,China Institute of Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院,太原030024 [2]中国辐射防护研究院核应急与核安全研究所,太原030006

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2022年第12期6157-6167,共11页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11702185);山西省高校创新科技资助计划(173230113-S)。

摘　　要：通过三点弯动态冲击实验和数值模拟,研究了仿生螺旋结构复合材料的动态断裂韧性,该结构是基于Bouligand结构设计的仿生复合结构。首先使用软硬两种基体通过3D打印技术制备了8组不同角度的试样,使用改进的分离式Hopkinson杆完成了动态三点弯冲击实验,得到了试样的位移-载荷曲线、起裂时间和起裂功,并对试样最终断裂形态进行分析。随后在ABAQUS软件中完成了试样断裂全过程的数值模拟,对裂纹的萌生和扩展过程进行了分析。实验和数值模拟结果都表明螺旋角对试样的断裂韧性有很大的影响,在螺旋角度0°~75°的范围内,随着角度的增加试样的断裂韧性增强,而螺旋角度为90°时试样的断裂韧性急剧下降。实验过程中观察到试样在动态断裂过程中存在裂纹偏转现象。最后考察了裂纹偏转对动态断裂的影响机制,结果显示裂纹偏转改变了复合材料的局部断裂模式,增加了断裂面积,从而提升了材料的断裂韧性。The dynamic fracture toughness of the bionic spiral structured composite material was studied through three-point bending dynamic impact experiment and numerical simulation.The structure is a bionic composite structure based on the Bouligand structure design.Firstly,8 groups of specimens with different angles were prepared by 3D printing technology using two kinds of substrates,soft and stiff,and the dynamic three-point bending impact tests were completed by using an improved split Hopkinson bar.The displacement-load curve,fracture time and fracture energy were obtained,and the final fracture morphology of the sample was analyzed.Then,the numerical simulation of the whole process of specimen fracture was completed in ABAQUS software,and the crack initiation and propagation process were analyzed.Both the experimental and numerical simulation results show that the helix angle has a great influence on the fracture toughness of the specimen,in the range of the helix angle of 0°-75°,the fracture toughness of the specimen increases with the increase of the angle,while when the helix angle is 90°,the fracture toughness of the sample drops sharply.In the process of experiment,it is observed that there is a crack deflection phenomenon during the dynamic fracture process of the sample.Finally,the influence mechanism of the crack deflection on the dynamic fracture was investigated.The results show that the crack deflection changes the local fracture mode of the composite material,increases the fracture area,and therefore improves the fracture toughness of the material.

关 键 词：三点弯冲击 螺旋结构复合材料 动态断裂韧性 3D打印 仿生 

分 类 号：O347.3[理学—固体力学]