我国生物多样性保护标准体系现状、问题与建议  

Current situation,challenges and recommendation of biodiversity conservation standard system in China

作　　者：李爽 朱彦鹏[1] 曹萌 李俊生[1] Shuang Li;Yanpeng Zhu;Meng Cao;Junsheng Li(State Key Laboralory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Bejing 100012;China Fire and Rescue Institute,Beijing 102202)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国消防救援学院,北京102202

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第11期188-196,共9页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目(22110404002001)。

摘　　要：目前我国生物多样性保护标准体系还不完善,尚不能满足生物多样性保护工作的现实需求。为了提升我国生物多样性保护标准化水平,本文根据《生物多样性公约》确立的“保护生物多样性、可持续利用其组成部分以及公平合理分享由利用遗传资源而产生的惠益”3大目标,围绕生态系统、物种、基因3个层次,以现行有效的国家标准和行业标准为研究基础,采用相关关键词检索现有生物多样性保护标准形成标准清单(共包含1,032项标准),并以此标准清单为研究对象,深入分析我国生物多样性保护标准体系。本研究发现我国生物多样性保护标准体系的现状主要是分行业管理、基本覆盖各主要任务、涵盖多类别,但仍存在标准间缺乏系统性和完整性、标准规范质量不高且使用率低,与国际标准衔接不够的问题。以现行生物多样性保护标准体系存在的问题为切入点,围绕生物多样性保护的主要任务和职责定位,提出了我国生物多样性标准体系三维结构框架(包含行业、任务和类别3个维度)的构建设想。最后,本文从筹建全国生物多样性保护标准化技术委员会、及时开展标准制修订工作、加强科学技术支撑、推动我国标准与国际标准接轨4个面提出了相关建议,以期为建设更加先进适用的生物多样性保护标准体系提供参考。Aims:The construction of a scientific and reasonable biodiversity conservation standard system plays an important role in improving the science of biodiversity conservation,enhancing the management effectiveness of management institutions and promoting the standardization of biodiversity conservation.In recent years,the documents“Opinions on Further Strengthening Biodiversity Conservation”and“National Standardization Development Outline”issued by the General Office of CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China have all put forward relevant requirements for the construction of biodiversity standard system.Thus,the construction of biodiversity conservation standard system has become an important part of biodiversity conservation work in China at present and in the future.However,current biodiversity conservation standard system in China is not perfect and can not meet the realistic needs of biodiversity conservation work.This study aims to analyze the current situation and issues of China’s biodiversity conservation standard system and propose the ideas and countermeasures for constructing biodiversity standard system to promote the standardization of biodiversity conservation in China.Methods:Based on the three objectives of“conservation of biological diversity,sustainable use of its components and equitable and reasonable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources”established by the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),we used the existing effective national and industrial standards as the basis for research,and focused on ecosystems,species and genes at three different levels.The list of existing biodiversity conservation standards was retrieved using relevant keywords.The list of existing biodiversity conservation standards was searched by using relevant key words to form a list of standards,and the organized list of standards was used to conduct an in-depth study on the biodiversity conservation standards sys

关 键 词：生物多样性保护 标准体系 范围界定 框架 维度 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]