磷石膏综合利用背景下的环境影响研究现状  

Review of environmental impact of comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum

作　　者：许金辉 邵龙义[1] 侯海海 李金娟[3] 刘君霞 黄曼[1] 王秀英 鲁静[1] Xu Jinhui;Shao Longyi;Hou Haihai;Li Jinjuan;Liu Junxia;Huang Man;Wang Xiuying;Lu Jing(School of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mines,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin Liaoning 123000,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China;China Circular Economy Association,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [2]辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新123000 [3]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [4]中国循环经济协会,北京100083

出　　处：《矿业科学学报》2023年第1期115-126,共12页Journal of Mining Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42075107);国家自然科学基金(U1612442);中国矿业大学(北京)越崎杰出学者(A类);国家固废资源化专项(2018YFC1903600)。

摘　　要：磷石膏是湿法制磷酸产生的一种工业固体废弃物。虽然磷石膏利用率逐年上升,但是消耗量有限,现阶段依然以堆存的方式来处理,不仅会侵占土地资源,还会造成严重的环境污染。本文综述了国内磷石膏的排放和综合利用现状,分析了磷石膏堆存过程中对环境的影响,主要表现在:(1)氟化氢气体、放射性核素、纳米颗粒吸附重金属元素以及温室效应等引起的大气环境影响;(2)水体酸碱度变化、水体重金属含量异常、浮游植物的生存环境和海洋磷循环失衡;(3)土壤酸碱度变化和土壤重金属元素含量异常造成的土壤环境影响。基于资源节约与环保的原则,考虑现阶段磷石膏综合利用和处理现状,磷石膏处置方式的技术革新、磷石膏堆场污染物排放的监测与评价、磷石膏堆场环境毒理学效应的研究是今后的研究重点。Phosphogypsum is a kind of industrial solid waste produced by wet phosphoric acid.Although there is an increase in the utilization rate of phosphogypsum,its consumption is limited.At present,it is still treated through accumulation,which will not only occupy land resources,but also causes serious environmental pollution.This paper reviews the discharge and comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum in China,and analyzes the environmental impact of phosphogypsum,which is mainly manifested in the storage process:(1)The atmospheric influence induced by hydrogen fluoride gas,radionuclides,heavy metal elements adsorbed by nanoparticles and the greenhouse effect;(2)The variation of water pH,the abnormality of heavy metal content,the living environment of phytoplankton and the imbalance of Marine phosphorus cycle;(3)Influence of soil pH and heavy metal content on soil environment.For the purpose of resource conservation and environmental protection,considering the current situation of comprehensive utilization and treatment of phosphogypsum,the technical innovation of phosphogypsum disposal,the monitoring and evaluation of pollutant discharge from phosphogypsum storage sites,and the study of environmental toxicological effects of phosphogypsum storage sites should be the focus of future research.

关 键 词：磷石膏 综合利用 大气环境影响 水环境影响 土壤环境影响 毒理学效应 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]