钒铬还原渣资源化利用技术研究进展  

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON RESOURCE UTILIZATION OF VANADIUM-CHROMIUM REDUCTION SLAG

作　　者：刘志强 杜浩[1,2] 王少娜 李会泉[1,2] 刘彪 吕页清[1] 李兰杰 Liu Zhiqiang;Du Hao;Wang Shaona;Li Huiquan;Liu Biao;Lv Yeqing;Li Lanjie(Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,National Engineering Research Center for Green Recycling of Strategic Metals Resources,Beijing 100190;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Chengde Vanadiun and Titanium New Material Co.,Ltd.,Chengde 067102,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所战略金属资源绿色循环利用国家工程研究中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]承德钒钛新材料有限公司,河北承德067102

出　　处：《河北冶金》2022年第12期1-8,共8页Hebei Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC1910604);河钢集团重点科技项目(HG2022112)。

摘　　要：本文介绍了钒铬还原渣的基本特性,对现有钒铬还原渣的回收工艺进行了分类,对其中具有代表性的工艺进行了对比。焙烧-浸出法中的空白焙烧仅能实现钒的回收,铬仍留在渣相中需进一步处理;钠化焙烧法的钒、铬回收率不高,需额外添加钠盐;钙化焙烧虽能实现钒、铬的回收,但两段工艺流程复杂,而且酸浸过程中元素分离困难、浸出液难循环。还原熔炼合金法操作简单,但P、S等杂质元素不可避免地进入合金,得到的产品质量不稳定,实际应用受到限制。酸浸法需要消耗大量的酸且酸介质不能循环,会产生含硫酸钠废盐和废水。碱性氧化法避免了焙烧法氧传质效率低的问题,可实现较高的钒、铬回收率,被认为是钒铬还原渣绿色处理中较有前景的方法之一。未来碱性氧化法的研究将会集中在活性氧的产生上,利用强氧化性的活性氧推动钒铬还原渣的资源化利用技术向更加高效、节能、绿色的方向发展。This paper introduces the basic characteristics of vanadium-chromium reduction slag,classifies the existing vanadium-chromium reduction slag recovery process,and compares the representative processes.The blank roasting in roasting-leaching process can only realize the recovery of vanadium,but the chromium remains in the slag phase and needs further treatment.Although the recovery of vanadium and chromium can be realized by calcification roasting,the two-stage process is complicated,and the separation of elements and circulation of leaching solution are difficult in the process of acid leaching.The reduction smelting alloy method is easy to operate,but P,S and other impurity elements inevitably enter the alloy,the product quality is unstable,and the practical application is limited.Acid leaching process needs a large amount of acid and acid medium can not be recycled,it will produce waste salt and waste water containing sodium sulfate.The alkaline oxidation method can avoid the low oxygen mass transfer efficiency of roasting process,and can achieve high recovery of vanadium and chromium,which is considered as one of the promising methods in green treatment of vanadium-chromium reduction slag.In the future,the research of alkaline oxidation will focus on the production of reactive oxygen species,which can promote the utilization of vanadium-chromium reduction slag to be more efficient,energy-saving and green.

关 键 词：钒 铬 资源化利用 焙烧-浸出 还原熔炼合金 酸浸 碱性氧化 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]