临近及反向临近效应生成语法研究  

On adjacency effect vs antiadjacency effect in generative grammar

作　　者：南潮 NAN Chao(College of Foreign Studies,Hubei Normal University,Huangshi 435002,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北师范大学外国语学院,湖北黄石435002

出　　处：《湖北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期70-75,81,共7页Journal of Hubei Normal University（Philosophy and Social Science）

基　　金：国家社科基金“英汉语受事提升句生成的对比研究(22BYY008)”;湖北省教育科学规划课题“英语教育硕士专业课程思政‘三位一体’建设研究(2022GB063)”。

摘　　要：主-宾不对称现象中标识语that和主语语迹的临近关系阻断了先行语和中间语迹对链尾的严格管辖,造成that-语迹效应;补救的附加语插入会产生反向临近效应。管约论内,Haegeman(1994)主张,避免that-语迹效应,应该把that删除,但是这种解释并不涉及主-宾不一致现象的根本原因。最简方案内,Rizzi(1997)主张把反向临近效应看成是复杂句中C的功能细化为主题Topic和焦点Focus两种功能语类的具体句法实现形式,设想由Finite、Agr和Topic通过合并形式允准主语语迹和中间语迹;但是这种分析从经济原则、空语类原则、功能语类的特性和句法推导结构理论模式等方面考虑有其不足之处。简约论下,界面条件和经济原则决定着算式库的构成,首先决定着that是否能够被选择进入句法操作:临近条件下,that-语迹效应是that进入算式库的必然结果;反向临近效应下that既是算式库中的必选成分,也是主题化的句法生成结构要求。其次,算式库中-特征为功能语类的必有特征,语段内探针驱动目标进行句法操作的整个过程与Agr并无关联。最后,Focus和Topic属于可选的功能语类,实际是C的边界特征或T的EPP特征的具体实现形式,最终目的是在界面提供外部行为系统可用的信息和产生输出效应。the adjacent relation between the complementizerthat and the subject trace prevents the antecedent from properly governing its intermediate trace and the tail in subject-object asymmetry,bringing about that-trace effect,while a resorting adjunct inserting between them will result in the antiadjacency effect.In GB,Haegeman(1994)proposed that be deleted to avoid that-trace effect,which does not capture the real reason for the asymmetry.In MP,Rizzi(1997)advocated that antiadjacency effect be regarded as the syntactic realizations of substantiations of the two functional categories of Topic and Focus and their functions in the complex C system,supposing merging of Finite,Agr and Topic valuates the subject trace and the intermediate trace.However,in terms of Economy Principle,ECP,features of the functional categories and the theories of syntactic operation modals and so on,Rizzi(1997)’s view is not sound theoretically nor empirically.Base on minimalism,we believe that interface conditions and Economy Principle determine construction of numeration and whether or not that will be selected into the syntactic operations:firstly,in adjacency condition,selection of that into numeration will result in that-trace effect;in antiadjacency effect that must be selected in numeration,which is required by topicalization.Secondly-features of the functional categories are obligatory in numeration,while the whole process where the phase probe drives the goal to exert syntactic operations has nothing to with Agr.At last,Focus and Topic are optional functional categories,serving as specific syntactic realizations of EF features of C or EFF features of T,and ultimately at the interface providing usable message for the external performance systems and producing the output effect.

关 键 词：临近条件 反向临近条件 界面条件 输出效应 

分 类 号：H314[语言文字—英语]