富勒烯及其衍生物在含能材料领域的应用研究进展  

Review on the Application of Fullerene and Its Derivatives in Energetic Materials

作　　者：赵杨 黄琪 金波 彭汝芳 ZHAO Yang;HUANG Qi;JIN Bo;PENG Ru-fang(State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2022年第6期770-784,共15页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51972278)。

摘　　要：为了充分利用富勒烯的性能优势,拓展富勒烯及其衍生物在高能含能材料领域的应用,综述了国内外应用于含能材料领域的富勒烯衍生物的功能化制备方法,并对这些富勒烯衍生物的发展提出了具体的研究方向;详细讨论了富勒烯及其衍生物对含能材料的热分解行为、燃烧性能和安定性能的影响。研究表明,富勒烯及其衍生物可作为含能组分、燃烧催化剂、降感剂和安定剂应用于含能材料领域。作为含能组分时表现出了良好的热性能;作为燃烧催化剂时能够明显降低含能材料的活化能;作为降感剂时最高可使HMX的摩擦感度和撞击感度分别降至48%和50%;作为安定剂时具有较高的氮氧自由基清除率。最后,归纳总结了不同富勒烯衍生物的制备方法和应用领域,并展望了其未来发展方向及研究重点。附参考文献85篇。In order to fully utilize the performance advantage of fullerene and expand the application of fullerene and its derivatives in the field of high-energy materials,the updated preparation methods and specific research direction of the functional fullerene derivatives used in energetic materials were reviewed.The effects of fullerene and its derivatives on the thermal decomposition,combustion performance and stability of energetic materials were discussed in detail.It shows that fullerene and its derivatives can be used as energetic components,combustion catalysts,desensitizers and stabilizer.As energetic components,they show good thermal performances.As combustion catalysts,the activation energy of energetic materials can be significantly reduced.As desensitizer,the friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity of HMX can be reduced to 48%and 50%,respectively.As stabilizer,they have high scavenging rate of nitrogen oxide radicals.Finally,the preparation methods and application fields of different fullerene derivatives were summarized,and the future development direction and research focus were prospected.85 References were attached.

关 键 词：物理化学 含能材料 富勒烯 衍生物 催化燃烧 安定剂 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]