非洲历史变迁中的伦理危机——伦理学视域下的阿契贝小说研究  

Ethical Crises in African History: An Ethical Study of Achebe’s Fiction

作　　者：刘敏杰 LIU Minjie(School of Foreign Languages,Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳理工学院外国语学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2022年第6期87-96,共10页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“非裔美国小说主题研究”(项目编号:21FWWB017)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：阿契贝在小说中展现了尼日利亚近百年的伦理嬗变,对非洲社会的伦理困境进行了历史性考察。他指出非洲传统文化忽视共情力的培养,共情匮乏是非洲部落社会瓦解的重要内因。殖民者打破非洲传统的伦理体制,植入西方法治体系,但将自身凌驾于法律之上。殖民者及其代理人的暴力执法、行政腐败行为扭曲了非洲民众的价值观和人性,给非洲带来正义危机。后殖民时期,部分官员、媒体人和民众盲目服从独裁者命令,漠视社会责任与伦理道德,导致平庸之恶在非洲社会蔓延。阿契贝强调了非洲社会重建伦理,培育民众共情力与伦理意识的重要性。Achebe chronicles in his fiction the changing moral landscape in Nigeria over the span of almost a century and makes a historical investigation into the ethical dilemma of African society.As he demonstrates in various novels,the cultivation of empathy was neglected in traditional African culture and the lack of empathy was an important internal cause for the disintegration of African tribal society.Colonialists superimposed the western legal system on African social structure after destroying its traditional ethical system,but they put themselves above the law.The violent law enforcement and administrative corruption of the colonists and their agents distorted the humanity of African people,causing injustice and moral confusion in Africa.Moreover,in post-colonial era,some officials,media workers and ignorant people blindly obey the orders of dictators and ignore social responsibility and ethics,which leads to the spread of banal evil in African society.Thus,Achebe emphasizes the importance of rebuilding ethics in African society through fostering empathy and ethical awareness among African people.

关 键 词：钦努阿·阿契贝 小说 非洲历史 伦理危机 伦理学 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]