大倾角煤层断层带回采巷道动载失稳机理  被引量:13

Failure mechanism of roadway under dynamic load in fault zone of steeply inclined coal seam

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作  者:王红伟[1,2] 宋远洋 焦建强 贠东风[1,2] 李浩男 王同 徐辉 柏仁宣 WANG Hongwei;SONG Yuanyang;JIAO Jianqiang;YUN Dongfeng;LI Haonan;WANG Tong;XU Hui;BAI Renxuan(Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;School of Energy Resources,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Taiping Coal Mine,Sichuan Chuanmei Huarong Energy Co Ltd,Panzhihua,Sichuan 610299,China)

机构地区:[1]西安科技大学西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054 [3]四川川煤华荣能源有限责任公司太平煤矿,四川攀枝花610299

出  处:《采矿与安全工程学报》2022年第5期971-980,991,共11页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基  金:国家自然科学基金项目(51974230,51634007);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020326)。

摘  要:针对大倾角煤层断层带回采巷道受动载影响易出现冒顶、片帮等支护难题,以太平煤矿3115-14工作面回风巷道为工程背景,采用物理相似模拟实验的研究方法,揭示巷道未支护、锚网支护、锚网喷支护等3种条件下受动载影响的变形破坏规律及支护失效机理。实验结果表明:回风巷道未支护条件下,顶板在倾斜层面和断层面交汇处出现“三棱柱”冒落体,近断层巷帮中上部出现煤壁片帮。锚网支护巷道在动载作用下靠近断层带处顶板下沉剧烈、出现金属网破裂并伴随漏沙等现象。锚网喷支护巷道在动载作用下呈现顶板和左帮表面破坏严重、锚杆受力明显,呈现非对称变形破坏特征。根据巷道顶板的载荷-变形曲线梯度变化特征,顶板动载变形划分为线弹性变形阶段、黏弹性变形阶段及塑性变形破坏阶段,巷道支护与非对称变形的不协调导致支护失效。据此,提出“锚网喷+刚柔支架”的组合支护技术,采用圆弧拱刚柔支架提高了巷道围岩整体支护强度,控制顶板的塑性变形和巷帮的黏弹性变形,顶板、左帮、右帮、底板的变形量较锚网喷支护降低了39%,91%,38%,64%,支护效果良好,为类似条件巷道支护提供技术指导。To solve the support problems of roof caving,rib fall and other support problems of roadway under the influence of dynamic load in fault zone of steeply inclined coal seam,with the engineering background of 31154 tailgate in Taiping Coal Mine,the method of physical similarity simulation experiment is taken and the deformation and failure law and support failure mechanism of roadway affected by dynamic load are analyzed under conditions of roadway during excavation with bolt-mesh supporting and bolt-mesh-spurting supporting.The experimental results show that“triangular prism”caving body appears in the roof at the intersection of inclined plane and fault plane;rib fall appears in the middle and upper part of the near fault wall during the roadway excavation process.The roof of bolt-mesh support roadway sinks violently near the fault zone,and the metal mesh cracks with sand leakage under the action of dynamic load.The surrounding rock deformation of roadway are asymmetrical under dynamic load with anchor net shotcrete support and the stress of anchor bolt,which shows that the deformation of roof and bolt stress are greater than that on the both sides.According to the load-deformation curve gradient characteristics of roadway roof,the roof deformation of of roadway with anchor net shotcrete support affected by dynamic load can be divided into linear elastic deformation stage,viscoelastic deformation stage and plastic deformation stage.Based on aforementioned foundings and divisions,a combined support technology of anchor net shotcrete and rigid-flexible support is proposed,and the Circular arch support is used to improve the strength and control the uncoordinated deformation.With dynamic load,the deformation of roof,left side wall,right side wall and bottom plate is 39%,91%,38%and 64%lower than that of bolt-net shotcrete support.The anchor bolt force is reduced as a whole,and the supporting effect is good,which provides technical guidance for roadway support under similar conditions.

关 键 词:大倾角煤层 断层带 动载作用 非对称变形 刚柔支架 

分 类 号:TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]

 

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