改性活性炭吸附甲苯燃爆特性的对比试验研究  

Research on combustion and explosion characteristics of activated carbon before and after adsorption of toluene

作　　者：张金锋[1] 闫忠清 董红雨 任红威 Zhang Jinfeng;Yan Zhongqing;Dong Hongyu;Ren Hongwei(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Hebei Shijiazhuang 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2022年第11期1483-1487,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52004080);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2021208033,E2022208046);河北科技大学“基本科研业务费”项目(2021YWF06);河北省在读研究生创新能力培养资助项目(XJCXZZSS2022013)。

摘　　要：用季铵盐离子液体对椰壳活性炭改性,对比研究活性炭改性前后及吸附甲苯前后的燃爆参数,探索活性炭吸附VOCs过程气-固异相混合体系的燃爆规律。改性后活性炭自燃点从319.3℃提高到345.7℃,共同吸附甲苯后其自燃点从307.7℃提高到327.1℃。利用20 L球形爆炸测试装置测得活性炭改性后粉体爆炸下限从1.5~2.5 g/m^(3)提高到7~8 g/m^(3);活性炭改性前吸附甲苯后混合体的爆炸下限小于1.5 g/m^(3),改性后吸附甲苯的混合体爆炸下限为2~3 g/m^(3)。在200 g/m^(3)条件下,二者最大爆炸压力分别为0.57,0.53 MPa,爆炸压力有所降低。研究结果表明,用季铵盐离子液体改性后的活性炭不仅吸附VOCs的能力得到增强,而且系统燃爆危险性降低。Coconut shell activated carbon was modified by quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquid,the ignition and explosion parameters of activated carbon before and after modification and before and after adsorption of toluene were compared to explore the ignition and explosion law of gas-solid heterogeneous mixture in VOCs adsorption process of activated carbon.The spontaneous combustion point of activated carbon increased from 319.3℃to 345.7℃,and the spontaneous combustion point of activated carbon increased from 307.7℃to 327.1℃after adsorption of toluene before and after modification.Using a 20 L spherical explosion test device,the lower limit of explosion of powder was increased from 1.5~2.5 g/m^(3)to 7~8 g/m^(3)before and after activated carbon modification.The lower explosive limit of the mixture adsorbed toluene by activated carbon before modification is less than 1.5 g/m^(3),and the lower explosive limit of the mixture adsorbed toluene by activated carbon after modification is 2~3 g/m^(3).Under the condition of 200 g/m^(3),the maximum explosion pressures are 0.57 MPa and 0.53 MPa,respectively,and the explosion pressures decrease.The results show that the activated carbon modified with quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquid has not only enhanced the adsorption capacity of VOCs,but also reduced the risk of ignition and explosion.

关 键 词：改性活性炭 甲苯 自燃点 爆炸下限 最大爆炸压力 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TQ424[化学工程]