消防救援人员心理健康的影响因素  

Influencing factors of mental health of firefighters

作　　者：仲夏 张杰 范为桥[2] 王婧一 Zhong Xia;Zhang Jie;Fan Weiqiao;Wang Jingyi(Shanghai Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Shanghai 200030,China;School of Psychology,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部上海消防研究所,上海200030 [2]上海师范大学心理学系,上海200234

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2022年第11期1576-1580,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：应急管理部消防救援局科技计划重点研发项目(2020XFZD07)。

摘　　要：为探究影响消防员心理健康的因素,采用整群抽样的方法,选取某市消防救援支队下属17个消防站的585名消防指战员,进行集中施测。采用《消防救援人员心理健康量表》评估心理健康水平并分析影响因素,根据分析结果提出了一些工作对策。结果表明:家乡所在地、工作地点对消防员的心理健康水平有显著影响,且家乡所在地的影响表现出明显的中距离效应。家乡所在地与工作地点、婚姻状况间存在显著的交互效应。救援经验的影响不显著。因此,要设法提升消防员的工作生活体验、社群关系,营造健康积极的工作氛围;对不同消防员群体加以区分,对机关消防员、未婚消防员等群体加以关注;特别关注“中距离”群体的心理健康状况。To explore the factors affecting the mental health of firefighters,using the method of cluster sampling,585 fire commanders and fighters from 17 fire stations subordinate to a municipal fire and rescue division were selected for centralized measurement.The mental health level of firefighters was evaluated by the mental health scale of fire rescue personnel.Suggestions were made based on the analysis.The results show that:hometown location and workplace have a significant impact on the mental health level of firefighters,and the impact of home location shows an obvious medium distance effect.There are significant interaction effects between hometown location,workplace and marital status.The impact of rescue experience is not significant.Therefore,we should improve firemen's work and life experience and community relations,and create a healthy and positive working atmosphere;distinguish different groups of firefighters,and pay attention to groups such as organ firefighters and unmarried firefighters;pay special attention to the mental health status of"middle distance"groups.

关 键 词：消防救援人员 心理健康 中距离效应 细分群体 

分 类 号：X921[环境科学与工程—安全科学] R395[哲学宗教—心理学]