拟输血患者Rh血型系统E抗原及不规则抗体检测结果分析  

Profiles of antigen E and irregular antibodies of Rh blood group system in patients scheduled for blood transfusion

作　　者：凌励 Ling Li(Department of Quality Control,Nanyang Central Blood Station,Nanyang Henan 473000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省南阳市中心血站质控科,473000

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2022年第9期960-963,共4页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

摘　　要：目的 分析拟输血患者Rh血型系统E抗原及不规则抗体检测结果,为降低临床输血反应提供理论支持。方法 选取2019年3月至2020年11月于南阳市中心血站拟接受输血治疗的4 685例患者为研究对象,采用微柱凝胶法检测RhE抗原、筛查不规则抗体,分析RhE抗原及不规则抗体的检出结果。结果在4 685例拟输血患者中,RhE抗原阳性2 341例,检出率为49.97%,RhE抗原阴性检出2 344例,检出率为50.03%,不规则抗体检出68例,检出率为1.45%;A型患者中检出RhE抗原阳性568例(24.26%),B型血患者中检出612例(26.14%),O型血患者检出947例(40.45%),AB型血患者检出214例(9.14%),不同血型之间的RhE抗原阳性检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);同时存在输血史和妊娠史的患者不规则抗体检出率5.79%,高于非同时存在输血史和妊娠史2.36%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析发现,同时具有输血史和妊娠史患者是不规则抗体检出的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 RhE抗原在拟输血患者中阳性检出率较高,同时具有输血史和妊娠史患者是不规则抗体检出的危险因素,对存在相关因素的患者需于输血治疗前检测Rh血型系统E抗原及不规则抗体,避免不规则抗体所致的输血反应的发生。Objective To investigate the profile of antigen E and irregular antibodies of Rh blood group system in patients scheduled for blood transfusion, and to provide evidence for strategy to reduce transfusion reactions in clinical practice. Methods A total of 4685 patients, decided to need blood transfusion in our hospital between March 2019 and November 2020, were included for the study. By using micro-column gel agglutination assay, the patients underwent RhE antigen and screening of irregular antibodies. The profiles of RhE antigen and irregular antibodies in these patients were analyzed. Results Among 4 685 patients waiting for transfusion,a total of 2 341(49.97%)tested positive for RhE,while 2 344(50.03%)were with Rhee. Sixty-eight(1.45%)patients tested positive for irregular antibodies. Antigen RhE positivity was identified in 568(24.26%)patients with ABO blood group A,612(26.14%) with group B,947(40.45%) with group O blood and 214(9.14%) with group AB. There was no significant difference in detection yield of RhE antigen positivity among different blood groups(P >0.05). The detection yield of irregular antibodies was higher in patients who had transfusion during pregnancy(5.79%)than those had not(2.36%)(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that transfusion during pregnancy were risk factors for irregular antibodies positivity(P<0.05). Conclusion The detection yield of antigen RhE was high in this cohort of patients undergoing blood transfusion. Blood transfusion during pregnancy are risk factors for irregular antibody positivity. For patients who present risk factors,testing for antigen E of Rh blood group system and irregular antibodies prior to transfusion should be indispensable to avert transfusion reactions caused by the irregular antibodies.

关 键 词：输血 血型抗原 不规则抗体 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学] R457.1[医药卫生—临床医学]