真空排水设备的气溶胶传播特性与节水潜力分析  

Aerosol Propagation Characteristics and Water-Saving Potential Analysis of Vacuum Drainage Equipment

作　　者：董明[1] 曾贤鹏 徐畅 DONG Ming;ZENG Xianpeng;XU Chang(Tianjin First Central Hospital;China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University)

机构地区：[1]天津市第一中心医院 [2]中建三局集团有限公司 [3]天津大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处：《上海节能》2023年第1期87-93,共7页Shanghai Energy Saving

摘　　要：为了探究真空排水设备的气溶胶产生与传播特性,通过向便器添加大肠杆菌悬浮液模拟排泄过程,测试了冲洗前后便器附近空气中微生物气溶胶的暴露水平,并与普通排水设备进行了对照。实验数据表明普通重力式设备冲洗后空气中气溶胶数量明显增多,而真空设备冲洗后气溶胶数量反而有所降低。此外,测试结果显示,真空排水设备平均耗水量仅为普通设备的20.7%,医院改造后年可节约支出14.7万元,真空设备的负压抽吸特性显著抑制微生物气溶胶产生及扩散,且具有除臭功能与节水特性,使该类设备十分适宜医院等人流量大与疾病传播风险高的场合。In order to explore the aerosol generation and transmission characteristics of vacuum drainage equipment, the exposure level of microbial aerosol in the air near the toilet before and after flushing was tested by adding coliform suspension to the toilet to simulate the excretion process, and compared with the ordinary drainage equipment. The experimental data showed that the amount of aerosols in the air increased significantly after the ordinary gravity equipment was washed, while the amount of aerosols in the air decreased after the vacuum equipment was washed. In addition, the test results show that the average water consumption of vacuum drainage equipment is only 20.7% of that of ordinary equipment, which can save 147,000 yuan annually after the hospital reconstruction. The negative pressure suction characteristics of vacuum equipment significantly inhibit the generation and diffusion of microbial aerosols, and have deodorization functions and water-saving characteristics, making this type of equipment very suitable for hospitals with large flow and high risk of disease transmission.

关 键 词：真空排水设备 气溶胶 冲洗行为 节水 

分 类 号：TB756[一般工业技术—真空技术]