长江口凤鲚繁殖群体年龄与生长研究  

Study on age structure and growth characteristics of Coilia mystus spawning population in the Yangtze Estuary

作　　者：黄承伟 万荣 李增光 胡永斌 HUANG Chengwei;WAN Rong;LI Zengguang;HU Yongbin(Key Laborawory of Sutainable Exploitation of Ocanic Fisheres Resorres,National Engineering Research Center for Oteanie Fisheries,College of Marine Sriences,Shanghai Ocean Universily,Shuanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第6期670-679,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：长江流域重点水域禁捕资源恢复效果跟踪评估(D-8021-20-0073)。

摘　　要：为了探究凤鲚繁殖群体年龄与生长之间的关系,于2018年5月、6月和7月以及2019年5月在长江口水域采集凤鲚(Coilia mystus)繁殖群体,从渔获物中获得样品194尾,研究了其年龄结构和生长特性。结果显示,年龄结构为1~3龄,其中1、2龄为优势群体,占样品总数的82.48%。体长范围为69~192 mm,体质量范围为1.5~30.3 g,平均体长(128.87±25.26) mm,平均体质量(9.90±6.61) g。体长与体质量关系式中参数a为2×10^(-6),参数b为3.17。体长和体质量生长方程中渐进体长L_(∞)和渐进体质量W_(∞)分别为212.33 mm和48.22 g,生长系数k为0.43,理论生长起点年龄t_(0)为-0.88。长江口凤鲚雄性个体趋向于匀速生长(b=2.87),而雌性个体为异速生长(b=3.31)。体质量生长曲线拐点年龄为1.81龄,拐点年龄对应的体长和体质量分别为145.44 mm和14.52 g。与之前的研究结果相比,近年来长江口凤鲚拐点年龄和渐进体长均有所增大,表明其小型化趋势可能有所减缓。今后,在长江口环境变化及全面禁捕措施的双重影响下,凤鲚繁殖群体年龄结构和生长特性的响应规律有待进一步研究。研究结果可作为长江全面禁渔政策实施前长江口凤鲚生物学特性的本底资料之一,对于进一步开展长江禁渔效果的评价具有参考价值。The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the age and growth of Coilia mystus breeding population.C.mystus is one of most important economic fish in the Yangtze Estuary,whose resources have collapsed in recent years.Its main distribution area is in the Western Pacific Ocean,including the waters of China,Korean Peninsula and Japan.C.mystus is a semi-anadromous migratory fish,which usually lives in the coastal areas and migrates to estuarine area during reproduction.There are three ecological groups of C.mystus in the southeastern coast of China,namely the Yangtze River type,the Minjiang type and the Pearl River type.This study focused on the Yangtze River type,whose mature breeding colonies migrated from the coastal shallow sea clusters to the brackish and fresh water areas of the Yangtze Estuary near the Chongming Island to spawn and form fish floods.In the 1980 s,the average annual output of C.mystus accounted for about 48.6%of the total output of fish and shrimp aquatic products in the Yangtze River Estuary.However,due to water pollution,overfishing and other factors in recent years,C.mystus resources have declined seriously and fishing season has failed to form with a trend of miniaturization and younger age,indicating that the Yangtze River population has collapsed.Our literature search showed that there had no relevant study on the age structure and growth characteristics of the breeding population for C.mystus in the Yangtze River Estuary since 2016.It is urgent to carry out relevant research about the resource assessment and conservation work for this species in the Yangtze River Estuary.Therefore,this paper used a spawning population of C.mystus collected from the Yangtze River Estuary in May,June and July 2018 and May 2019,and 194 samples were collected from the catches to study their age structure and growth characteristics.It is expected to provide basic data for the evaluation of the effect of comprehensive ban on fishing in the Yangtze River on the protection and managemen

关 键 词：凤鲚 年龄 生长 长江口 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]