饲料中添加月桂酸单甘酯对尖吻鲈脂质代谢与肝脏功能的影响  

Effect of glycerol monolaurate on lipid metabolism and liver function of Lates calcarifer

作　　者：张慧 董宏标[2] 孙彩云[2,3] 陈健 黄聪灵 李勇 段亚飞 张家松[2] ZHANG Hui;Dong Hongbiao;SUN Caiyun;CHEN Jian;HUANG Congling;LI Yong;DUAN Yafei;ZHANG Jiasong(Oeean College,Hebei Agriculural Unirersiy,Qinhuangdao Hebei 060000 China;Key Laboratory of Souh China Sea Fishery Resources Exploiation&Uilzation of Mininstry of of Agriculure and Rural Affairs,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinee Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;National Demonstration Center For Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Oean Uniersiy,Shanghai 201306,China;Yangjiang Aquatic Product Technology Promotin Sation,Yangjiang Giuangdong 529500,China;Moder Agriculrural Derelopment Center of Zhuhai City,Zhuhai Guangdong 519070,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066000 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广州510300 [3]水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心(上海海洋大学),上海201306 [4]阳江市水产技术推广站,广东阳江529500 [5]珠海市现代农业发展中心,广东珠海519070

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第6期736-746,共11页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2021B0202030001);国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2019YFD0900500);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2021KJ150);中国-东盟海上合作基金项目“中国-东盟现代海洋渔业技术合作及产业化开发示范”;中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2019XT0403);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2021SD19)。

摘　　要：为探讨月桂酸单甘酯(glycerol monolaurate,GML)对尖吻鲈(Lates calcarifer)脂质代谢、消化能力及肝脏组织形态、抗氧化能力和血清生化指标等的影响,实验分别在饲料中添加0 g·kg^(-1)(G0组、对照组)、1 g·kg^(-1)(G1组)、2 g·kg^(-1)(G2组)和4 g·kg^(-1)(G4组)的GML饲喂尖吻鲈[体质量(442.727±54.423)g,体长(28.438±1.493)cm],实验进行8周。结果显示,饲料中添加2 g·kg^(-1)GML显著提高了尖吻鲈脏器系数、脂质代谢酶活性和血清脂质代谢指标的含量,同时改善了肝细胞空泡化现象,减少了脂质在肝细胞中的沉积。添加GML还可以提高肝脏抗氧化酶和血清谷丙转移酶的活性,促进机体的免疫作用。此外,饲料中添加GML显著提高了肠道内消化酶的活性,有利于机体从饲料中吸收营养和能量。结果表明,饲料中拌喂GML可有效促进尖吻鲈脂质代谢和消化能力,改善肝脏组织形态和生理功能,增强免疫水平,调节机体健康。在该实验条件下,GML最适添加量为2 g·kg^(-1)。Lates calcarifer,known as blind mullet,is widely distributed from Ryukyu to the Indian Ocean.Because of its fast growth rate,no intermuscular spines,delicious taste,and high nutritional value,it is loved by farmers and consumers.It is one of the essential breeding fish species in the southern region of China.L.calcarifer belongs to fish of relatively strong vitality.It can adapt to water from freshwater to a salinity of 56‰,belonging to euryhaline fish.At present,it can be cultured in both seawater and freshwater.L.calcarifer commands a high price in the market for its delicious meat.It can be fed with artificial feed or low-cost fish.In 2021,the total production of Lates calcarifer in Guangdong Province was less than 50000 t,accounting for more than 80%of the country’s total production,and the total production of it in Zhuhai accounted for more than 40%of the country,where it has formed a more complete production,processing and sales industry chain.Glycerol monolaurate(GML),also known as monolaurate glycerol,is a medium-chain fatty acid ester extracted from natural plants.It is a compound formed by lauric acid and glycerol,which can emulsify,preserve,and inhibit bacterial growth in the digestive tract.It is a food emulsifier with emulsifying and preservative functions and is widely used in food and cosmetic industries.The shape is generally oily or finely granular crystals,white or pale yellow.Studies have shown that medium-chain fatty acid monoglycerides(MCFA)with their short carbon chains are rapidly absorbed and undergo rapid oxidative metabolism in the animal to provide the body with energy more quickly.The mechanism is that GML as a medium-chain fatty acid ester can easily cross the intestinal mucosa and enter the blood and liver.Studies have shown that MCFA can not only assist in the treatment of lipid absorption disorders and malabsorption syndromes but also have a beneficial effect on gastroenteritis and diabetes.It is believed that GML could affect the body’s lipid metabolism by promoting the oxid

关 键 词：月桂酸单甘酯 尖吻鲈 脂质代谢 肝脏功能 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]