太空诱变百子莲SP1代植株的性状鉴定及观赏性评价  

Character Identification and Ornamental Value Evaluation of SP1 Generation of Space-induced Agapanthus praecox

作　　者：郭祥鑫 戴逸峰 张琰[2] 李孝青 唐倩雯 李清韵 申晓辉 陈冠群 GUO Xiangxin;DAI Yifeng;ZHANG Yan;LI Xiaoqing;TANG Qianwen;LI Qingyun;SHEN Xiaohui;CHEN Guanqun(School of Design,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Vocational Technical College of Agriculture&Forestry,Shanghai 201600,China;Shanghai Qing’an Agricultural Products Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学设计学院,上海200240 [2]上海农林职业技术学院,上海201600 [3]上海青安农产品有限公司,上海200241

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第12期2461-2470,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31901351);上海市自然科学基金项目(No.22ZR1428600);上海市“科技创新行动计划”农业科技领域项目(No.22N11900500)。

摘　　要：太空搭载诱变是选育新品种的有效方法。本研究以太空搭载种子诱变的百子莲SP1代实生苗为材料,以国际百子莲新品种测试标准为指导,对29株8~10年生苗的形态指标进行测量。采用主成分分析法从15个形态指标中提取出6个主成分,利用模糊综合评价法对受试植株进行整体观赏性评价;以多样性较高的观赏部位——花(花序)为对象,采用层次-关联分析法对百子莲花部的观赏性进行评价。结果表明,受试植株在15个形态指标上的差异显著,各指标之间存在极显著或显著的相关性,相关性系数集中在0.2~0.6之间。综合主成分分析和主因子分析表明,在百子莲诱变群体中,与株高、花序型相关的因子对观赏性影响较大,这些也是易产生变异的性状。建立综合评价函数对29个受试植株的观赏性进行评价,筛选出总体观赏性较高的植株,如植株506、445、319的花量、花序高度等指标均较高,适合进一步无性繁殖保持其优良性状。对花部的15个指标进行加权灰度关联系数计算,排序前6的指标为花量C_(1)、花期C_(13)、花色C_(7)、花序直径C_(2)、初花度C_(14)和小花苞色C_(8),每个指标权重均大于6%,权重总和大于70%。结合连续2 a的调查发现,花色、花梗色、花量、初花度等指标相对稳定,不易受环境影响,由此筛选出花色具有渐变特征的植株445,适合作为杂交育种的材料,通过杂交选育获得更具观赏性的后代。通过单一指标和整体评价相结合的方式进行单一指标的变异株选择,利用热图法评价太空诱变的百子莲成年植株在生长过程中的性状变化。本研究初步建立了百子莲植株和花部的观赏性评价体系,对百子莲新品种的选育具有较好的借鉴意义。Space mutation is an effective method for breeding new varieties.In this study,the morphological indicators of 29 SP1plants of Agapanthus praecox flowering for 8-10 years induced by space were observed and determined under the guidance of the international DUS test guidelines for A.praecox.Six principal components were extracted from 15morphological indicators using principal component analysis.Then the integral ornamental evaluation was performed by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Due to the diversity of inflorescence,the ornamental value of inflorescence was assessed by the hierarchical-relational analysis.The tested plants showed significant differences in the 15 morphological indicators.There were extremely significant or significant correlations between each indicator,with correlation coefficients concentrated in 0.2 to 0.6.Based on the principal component analysis and factor analysis,plant height and inflorescence type significantly affected the ornamental value and were easily varied.The comprehensive evaluation was established to estimate the ornamental properties of 29 tested plants.Several plants with high integral ornamental quality were screened out.For example,plants No.506,445,and 319 performed large floret number and high inflorescence height,that were suitable for vegetative propagation to maintain the excellent characters.According to the calculation of the weighted grey correlation analysis of the 15 indicators of the flower,the top 6 indicators were floret number C_(1),florescence C_(13),flower color C_(7),inflorescence diameter C_(2),early flowering degree C_(14),and bud color C_(8).The total weight of the above indicators exceeded 70%,and the weight of each indicator exceeded 6%.Through two years of continuous field investigation,it was found that some indicators such as flower color,pedicel color,floret number,early flowering degree were relatively stable.The indicators were less susceptible to be influenced.Plant No.445 was screened through this analysis.It was suitable for hybrid

关 键 词：百子莲 太空诱变 观赏性评价 热图 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]