γ-氨基丁酸对大豆种子萌发及根系形态建成的调控效应  

Effects ofγ-aminobutyric acid on seed germination and root morphogenesis of soybean

作　　者：强斌斌 金喜军[1] 周伟鑫 刘佳 褚霈宇 张玉先[1] QIANG Binbin;JIN Xijun;ZHOU Weixin;LIU Jia;CHU Peiyu;ZHANG Yuxian(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2023年第1期69-77,共9页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021ZXJ05B02);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-04-PS18);黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生科研创新资助项目(NXYYJSCX2021-14)。

摘　　要：选用合丰50和龙垦310作为供试品种,供试种子经不同浓度(5、10、25、50、100 mmol·L^(-1))的GABA浸种8 h后,放入9 cm培养皿中,然后置于25℃恒温培养箱中发芽,以蒸馏水浸种为对照,比较不同浓度GABA浸种对大豆种子萌发、根系形态、抗氧化系统、内源GABA与代谢物质的影响,旨在明确GABA对大豆种子萌发和根系形态建成的调控效应,为农业生产中通过外源GABA的施用培育壮苗,提高大豆产量提供理论依据和指导。结果表明,随GABA浓度提高,合丰50和龙垦310萌发、根系形态及相关生理指标大体呈先上升后下降的趋势。其中,10 mmol·L^(-1)浸种处理对合丰50和龙垦310促进效果最显著,与对照相比,发芽指数、活力指数分别提高了12.2%和14.7%、98.9%和77.9%,根长、侧根数、根鲜重分别提高了27.3%和27.1%、93.4%和90.5%、28.5%和77.2%,根系SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性分别提高了91.3%和88.3%、38.5%和33.3%、48.7%和35.8%、64.3%和46.2%。另外,根粗随GABA浓度的提高呈现逐渐上升的趋势,100 mmol·L^(-1)浸种处理提高幅度最大,分别为37.9%和27.6%。综合分析可知,适宜浓度的GABA浸种可显著提高大豆种子发芽势,促进根系形态建成,有利于壮苗。In this study,Hefeng 50 and Longken 310 were selected as test varieties.After soaking the seeds with GABA at different concentrations(5,10,25,50,100 mmol·L^(-1))for 8 hours,the seeds were placed in a 9 cm petri dish and then incubated at 25℃.Seeds soaked in distilled water were used as the control.The effects of different concentrations of GABA on soybean seed germination,root morphology,antioxidant system,endogenous GABA and metabolites were compared to clarify the regulatory effects of GABA on soybean seed germination and root morphogenesis.The study can provide theoretical basis and guidance for cultivating strong seedlings and improving soybean yield by applying exogenous GABA in agricultural production.The results showed that with the increase of GABA concentration,the germination,root morphology and related physiological indexes of Hefeng 50 and Longken 310 were firstly increased and then decreased.Among them,10 mmol·L^(-1) GABA had the most significant promoting effect on Hefeng 50 and Longken 310.Compared with the control,germination index and vitality index increased by 12.2%and 14.7%,98.9%and 77.9%,respectively.Root length,lateral root number and fresh root weight increased by 27.3%and 27.1%,93.4%and 90.5%,28.5%and 77.2%,respectively.SOD,POD,CAT and APX activities in roots increased by 91.3%and 88.3%,38.5%and 33.3%,48.7%and 35.8%,64.3%and 46.2%,respectively.In addition,the root diameter increased gradually with the increase of GABA concentration,and the maximum increase was 37.9%and 27.6%under 100 mmol·L^(-1) treatment,respectively.Comprehensive analysis shows that GABA immersion at the appropriate concentration can significantly improve the germination potential of soybean seeds,promote root morphogenesis,and facilitate seedling strengthening.

关 键 词：大豆 Γ-氨基丁酸 萌发 根系 形态建成 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] Q946.885[生物学—植物学]