基于CFD的化学危害气体扩散数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of chemical hazardous gas diffusion based on CFD

作　　者：施贻浩 唐丽玉[1,2] 邓卓 SHIYihao;TANG Liyu;DENG Zhuo(Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining&Information Sharing of Ministry of Education,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350108,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]福州大学空间数据挖掘与信息共享教育部重点实验室,福建福州350108 [2]福州大学地理空间信息技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,福建福州350108

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2023年第1期14-19,共6页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：针对科学、准确、动态研判气体泄漏演变情景难的问题,通过重构化工企业厂区的三维模型,采用计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)模型数值模拟方法,预演、分析气体扩散的路径、范围、浓度分布变化情况,并进行可视化。以福建省某化工厂为例,利用倾斜摄影影像数据建立化工厂区域内的建筑物三维模型,使用计算流体动力学开源软件OpenFOAM,对三维空间进行剖分生成计算域网格,采用三维Navier-Stokes方程作为控制方程,选用标准k-雷诺时均模型用于求解湍流效应,采用压力的隐式分割算法(Pressure Implicit with Splitting of Operations,PISO)计算流场,假设氯气在三维空间中某处发生泄漏,模拟了不同风速条件扩散浓度分布情况,实验结果表明:氯气的扩散轨迹受风场和建筑物布局影响较大,风速增大会加速氯气的扩散,有利于氯气污染物的稀释;建筑物会阻碍氯气的扩散,同时受湍流效应影响,氯气易在建筑物之间的街道聚集,浓度稀释较为缓慢。模拟结果可为制定应急预案和预案演练提供参考。To address the problem of difficulty in scientifically,accurately and dynamically judging the evolution of gas leakage scenarios,by reconstructing the three-dimensional model of the chemical enterprise plant area,using the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)model,the numerical simulation method is used to preview,analyze the gas diffusion path,range,and concentration distribution changes,and visualize them.Take a chemical plant in Fujian Province as an example,use oblique photographic image data to establish a three-dimensional model of the building in the chemical plant area,use the open source software platform of computational fluid dynamics OpenFOAM to divide the three-dimensional space to generate a computational domain grid,and the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation is used as the control equation,the standard k-εReynolds time-average model is used to solve the turbulence effect,and the Pressure Implicit with Splitting of Operations(PISO)algorithm is used to calculate the flow field.Assuming that chlorine leaks somewhere in the three-dimensional space,the diffusion concentration distribution of different wind speed conditions is simulated.The experimental results show that the diffusion trajectory of chlorine gas is determined by the wind field and the layout of the buildings.A larger wind speed will accelerate the diffusion of chlorine gas,which is beneficial to the dilution of chlorine pollutants.Buildings will hinder the diffusion of chlorine gas,and at the same time,affected by the turbulence effect,chlorine gas tends to accumulate in the streets between the buildings,and the concentration is diluted slowly.The simulation results can provide references for formulating emergency plans and plan drills.

关 键 词：计算流体动力学模型 数值模拟 污染物扩散 OPENFOAM 

分 类 号：TQ086[化学工程]