施用低温生物炭对土壤镉、铅生物有效性的影响  

Effect of low temperature biochar application on the bioavailability of cadmium and lead in soil

作　　者：彭红宇 聂兆君[1,2] 刘红恩 李畅[1,2] 秦世玉 张玉鹏 刘亥扬 许嘉阳 赵鹏 PENG Hong-yu;NIE Zhao-jun;LIU Hong-en;LI Chang;QIN Shi-yu;ZHANG Yu-peng;LIU Hai-yang;XU Jia-yang;ZHAO Peng(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Key Laboratory for Soil Pollution Prevention and Control and Restoration in Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2022年第6期1524-1531,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(202102110213、202102110214);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划基础研究专项(19zx007)。

摘　　要：为了研究低温生物炭在土壤污染修复领域的应用潜力,以玉米秸秆和花生壳为原料,在厌氧条件下,分别以250℃、450℃2种炭化温度制备4种生物炭,以1%和2%的生物炭施用量添加至原位镉、铅污染土壤中,短期培养30 d和60 d,研究施用低温生物炭对土壤镉、铅生物有效性的影响。结果表明,施用低温生物炭和高温生物炭均可减少土壤有效性镉、铅含量,但对pH值影响不显著;就花生壳生物炭而言,培养30 d后,随着低温生物炭、高温生物炭添加量的增加,土壤有效态镉、铅含量降低,生物炭固定重金属的能力提高;培养60 d后随着低温生物炭添加量的增加,土壤有效态镉、铅含量降低,生物炭固定重金属的能力增强,而高温生物炭则相反,可见培养30 d的试验结果与60 d相反;对于玉米秸秆生物炭,培养30 d后,发现随着低温生物炭添加量的增加,土壤有效态镉、铅含量增加,生物炭固定重金属的能力降低,而高温玉米秸秆生物炭则相反,30 d培养结果与60 d培养结果一致。In order to study the application potential of low temperature biochar in the field of soil pollution remediation, four kinds of biochars were prepared by using corn straw and peanut shell as raw materials under anaerobic conditions at 250 ℃ and 450 ℃, respectively. Moreover, the biochar was added to in-situ cadmium and lead contaminated soil with 1% and 2% biochar application amount for 30 d and 60 d to study the effects of low temperature biochar application on soil cadmium and lead bioavailability. The results showed that low temperature biochar and high temperature biochar could reduce soil available cadmium and lead content, but had no significant effect on pH value. In terms of peanut shell biochar, it was found that after 30 days of culture, with the increase of low temperature biochar and high temperature biochar, the content of available cadmium and lead in soil decreased, and the ability of biochar to fix heavy metals improved. After 60 days of culture, it was found that the content of available cadmium and lead in soil decreased with the increase of the addition amount of low-temperature biochar, and the ability of biochar to fix heavy metals increased, while that of high-temperature biochar was on the contrary. The result of 30 days culture was opposite to that of 60 d culture. For corn stalk biochar, after 30 d of culture, it was found that with the increase of low-temperature biochar addition amount, the content of available cadmium and lead in soil increased, and the ability of biochar to fix heavy metals decreased, while the high-temperature corn stalk biochar was opposite, and the 30 d culture result was consistent with the 60 d culture result.

关 键 词：生物炭 生物有效性 镉 铅 土壤培养 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]