添加包被赖氨酸和蛋氨酸低蛋白质日粮对西门塔尔牛生产性能及氮排放的影响  

Effect of low-protein diets with rumen-protected lysine and rumen-protected methionine on growth performance and nitrogen excretion of Simmental bulls

作　　者：桂红兵 张建丽[1,2] 李隐侠 张俊[1,2] 王建球 刘小军[4] 曹少先 王慧利 孟春花 钱勇[1,2] 仲跻峰 GUI Hong-bing;ZHANG Jian-li;LI Yin-xia;ZHANG Jun;WANG Jian-qiu;LIU Xiao-jun;CAO Shao-xian;WANG Hui-li;MENG Chun-hua;QIAN Yong;ZHONG Ji-feng(Institute of Animal Science,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;Lianyungang Hengdeli Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang 222399,China;Jiangsu Youyuan Dairy Industry Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]农业部种养结合重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [3]连云港市亨得利畜牧有限公司,江苏连云港222399 [4]江苏优源奶业产业研究院有限公司,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2022年第6期1586-1593,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(19)2015]。

摘　　要：为探索低蛋白质日粮中添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸对西门塔尔牛生产性能及氮排放的影响,选择27头7月龄、体质量(200±10) kg的西门塔尔公牛,随机分为3组,每组9头。对照组饲喂基础日粮;试验Ⅰ组饲喂在基础日粮配方中粗蛋白质含量减少1.0个百分点,添加20 g/d包被赖氨酸+10 g/d包被蛋氨酸的日粮;试验Ⅱ组饲喂在基础日粮配方中粗蛋白质含量减少1.5个百分点,添加30 g/d包被赖氨酸+15 g/d包被蛋氨酸的日粮。预饲期7 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:饲喂添加包被赖氨酸和蛋氨酸低蛋白质日粮显著提高了西门塔尔牛的生长性能(P<0.05),降低了粪尿中的氮排放量(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组饲喂添加包被赖氨酸和蛋氨酸低蛋白质日粮30 d、60 d和90 d,试验组外周血中Met和Lys含量均高于对照组(P<0.05);饲喂添加包被赖氨酸和蛋氨酸低蛋白质日粮30 d,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组外周血中仅苏氨酸含量低于对照组(P<0.05);随着饲喂时间的延长,外周血中多种氨基酸水平受到显著影响;饲喂90 d时,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组除蛋氨酸和赖氨酸含量依然高于对照组以外,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组亮氨酸含量和试验Ⅱ组的精氨酸含量也显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组的苏氨酸、异亮氨酸和酪氨酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。饲喂添加包被赖氨酸和包被蛋氨酸的低蛋白质日粮90 d提高了西门塔尔公牛的生长性能,降低了饲料成本,尤其是试验Ⅰ组,养殖效益大幅增加。综上所述,饲喂添加包被赖氨酸和包被蛋氨酸的低蛋白质日粮,不仅促进了西门塔尔牛生长性能,而且提高了养殖效益。To explore the effects of low protein diets with rumen protected lysine(Lys) and methionine(Met) on growth performance and nitrogen excretion of Simmental cattle, 27 seven-month-old Simmental bulls weighing(200±10) kg were randomly divided into three groups(N=9): control group, trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ. The control group was fed basic diet. The trial group Ⅰ was fed the diet with 20 g/d rumen-protected lysine(RPLys) and 10 g/d rumen-protected methionine(RPMet), and the crude protein content in the basal diet was reduced by one percentage point. The trial group Ⅱ was fed the diet with 30 g/d RPLys and 15 g/d RPMet, and the crude protein content in the basal diet was reduced by 1.5 percentage points. The pre-feeding period lasted 7 d, and the trial period lasted 90 d. Compared with the control group, the growth performance of the Simmental bulls in trial groups was significantly increased, and the nitrogen excretion in feces and urine was significantly reduced(P<0.05). The levels of Met and Lys in two trial groups were significantly higher than those in the control group at 30 d, 60 d and 90 d, respectively(P<0.05). Only the level of threonine(Thr) in two trial groups was significantly lower than that in the control group at 30 d(P<0.05). With the prolongation of feeding time, the levels of various amino acid in peripheral blood were significantly affected. At 90 days of feeding, the contents of methionine and lysine in trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ were higher than those in the control group. Moreover, the content of leucine in trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ and the content of arginine in trial group Ⅱ were also significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The contents of threonine, isoleucine and tyrosine in trial group Ⅱ wre significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The feed cost of trial groups was significantly reduced and the economic benefit was improved, especially in the trial group I. In conclusion, feeding Simmental bulls with the low-pro

关 键 词：肉牛 低蛋白质日粮 过瘤胃氨基酸 生产性能 氮排放 

分 类 号：S823.961[农业科学—畜牧学]