层状K_(x)MnO_(2)基钾离子电池正极材料的研究现状及发展趋势  

Research status and development trend of layered K_(x)MnO_(2)-based cathode materials for potassium-ion batteries

作　　者：杨淑洁 闵鑫[1] 米瑞宇[1] 吴小文[1] 刘艳改[1] 黄朝晖[1] 房明浩[1] Shujie Yang;Xin Min;Ruiyu Mi;Xiaowen Wu;Yangai Liu;Zhaohui Huang;Minghao Fang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)材料科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2022年第12期2156-2167,共12页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：青海省科技厅国际合作项目(编号:2022-HZ-807)资助。

摘　　要：钾离子电池具有资源丰富、价格便宜等优点,并且与锂离子电池原理相似,是目前取代锂离子电池成为大型储能系统合适的候选者.正极材料对钾离子电池性能起着关键作用,其中层状K_(x)MnO_(2)基正极材料因其高比容量、环境友好、成本低廉、独特的二维钾离子扩散通道而备受关注.但大尺寸的K^(+)在充放电过程中的反复脱嵌会导致结构破坏,并且Mn^(3+)产生的Jahn-Teller效应导致结构畸变,容量快速下降,商业应用难度较大.本文从K_(x)MnO_(2)材料层状结构调控出发,系统总结了K_(x)MnO_(2)基正极材料的制备方法,重点综述了单金属掺杂、双金属掺杂和碱金属掺杂等三种掺杂改性策略,总结阐述了K_(x)MnO_(2)基正极材料在现阶段研究中存在的主要挑战并进一步展望了其未来发展方向,可望为开发高效稳定的钾离子电池提供理论参考.Potassium-ion batteries have the advantages of abundant resources,low price,and similar principles to lithium-ion batteries,and are currently promising candidates to replace lithium-ion batteries as large-scale energy storage systems.Cathode materials play a key role in the performance of potassium-ion batteries,among which layered K_(x)MnO_(2)-based cathode materials have attracted much attention due to their high specific capacity,environmental friendliness,low cost,and unique two-dimensional structure.However,the repeated intercalation/deintercalation of large-sized K^(+)during the charging and discharging process will lead to the structural damage,and the Jahn-Teller effect generated by Mn^(3+)can easily cause structural distortion,resulting in a rapid capacity decrease of potassium-ion batteries,which much hinders their commercial application.Beginning with the control of the layered structure of K_(x)MnO_(2)materials,this review systematically summarizes the preparation methods of K_(x)MnO_(2)-based cathode materials,and focuses on the doping modification of K_(x)MnO_(2)-based cathode materials,including single metal doping,dual metal doping and alkali metal doping.And this paper summarizes the main challenges existing in the current research and further looks forward to its future development direction,which is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the development of high-efficiency and stable potassium-ion batteries.

关 键 词：钾离子电池 正极材料 制备方法 掺杂改性 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]