面向木星卫星交会任务的探测器飞行路径规划  

Flight Path Planning for Rendezvous Mission of Jovian Probe with the Jupiter’s Moons

作　　者：田百义 张熇[1] 冯昊[1] 张相宇 高博宇 周文艳[1] TIAN Baiyi;ZHANG He;FENG Hao;ZHANG Xiangyu;GAO Boyu;ZHOU Wenyan(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《宇航学报》2022年第12期1587-1596,共10页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家行星探测工程。

摘　　要：针对探测器在木星系统内多次借力的飞行路径和轨道优化设计问题,提出了一种基于三层优化思想的飞行路径规划方法,该方法可根据给定的任务约束和交会目标,自动搜索探测器在木星系统内的借力飞行序列,同时完成标称飞行轨道的优化设计。首先,文章在给定轨道动力学模型和木卫借力模型基础上,建立了面向木卫交会任务的两次借力飞行轨道优化设计模型和求解方法;然后,采用结合遗传算法、全局遍历和贪婪算法的三层优化设计思路,给出了一种环木飞行路径规划方法;最后,以木星四颗卫星的交会任务为例进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明:针对木卫的交会任务,探测器速度增量需求随木卫借力次数的增多,呈现先显著减小后逐渐增大的现象;探测器采用多次木卫借力的策略,可显著降低探测器的速度增量需求;探测器速度增量达到最优之后,借力目标收敛于交会目标,且速度增量随借力次数的进一步增多而逐渐增大。Aiming at the optimization of the spacecraft flight path and transfer orbit in the Jovian System,a spacecraft flight path planning method based on the idea of three-level optimization is proposed.This method can automatically search the gravity assist sequence in the Jovian system according to the given mission constraints and rendezvous target,and can complete the optimization of the transfer orbit in the Jovian system at the same time.Firstly,the trajectory optimal model and solution method for Jupiter’s moon rendezvous mission via two gravity assistants is established based on the orbit dynamics and gravity assist model.Then,according the three-level optimization idea of genetic,traversal and greedy algorithm,a flight path planning method is given.Finally,the rendezvous missions of four moons of Jupiter are taken as an example for simulation analysis.The simulation results illustrate that for the rendezvous mission of Jupiter’s moons,the velocity increment is decreases first and then increases gradually with the increase of the number of gravity assistant.The gravity assistants of Jupiter’s moons can significantly reduce the velocity increment of the Jovian Probe.After the velocity increment reaches the optimum,the gravity assistant body converge on the rendezvous target,and the velocity increment increases with the further increase of gravity assist times.

关 键 词：深空探测 木星系统 轨道优化 飞行路径规划 

分 类 号：V412.41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]