不同产地竹节参的道地性分析  

The Quality Analysis of Authenticity of Panax japonicus from Different Habitats

作　　者：付涛[1] 沈倩萍 沈雨铠 马紫薇 周如飞 易官美[1] 胡仲义[1] 吴立威[1] 陈际伸[1] Fu Tao;Shen Qianping;Shen Yukai;Ma Ziwei;Zhou Rufei;Yi Guanmei;Hu Zhongyi;Wu Liwei;Chen Jishen(Ningbo Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Development,Ningbo City College of Vocational Technology,Ningbo,315100)

机构地区：[1]宁波城市职业技术学院,浙江园林绿化技术协同创新中心,宁波315100

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第23期7914-7922,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y202044834)资助。

摘　　要：为了对不同产地竹节参的品质进行道地性分析,以期为优良竹节参推广应用提供一定的理论基础。以湖北、贵州、四川和云南4个产地竹节参为研究材料,采用分光光度计法对总皂苷、总蛋白、总糖、多糖和还原性糖进行了定量分析,采用HPLC法对齐墩果酸、水解氨基酸和游离氨基酸进行了定量分析。结果表明,‘鄂竹节参1号’在总蛋白、总糖、多糖和氨基酸综合指标上的含量显著高于其他三个产地,贵州产地竹节参在齐墩果酸含量上显著高于其他三个产地,云南产地竹节参在还原性糖含量上显著高于其他三个产地,此外还得出,在生长年限基本一致的前提下,竹节参在总皂苷、总蛋白和氨基酸含量上要普遍低于人参,但糖类含量要高于人参;不同产地竹节参精氨酸含量介于38%~82%,为竹节参中含量最高的氨基酸;研究结果还表明竹节参中齐墩果酸的含量与总皂苷含量呈负相关性。综合品质分析可知,‘鄂竹节参1号’品质最好,贵州与云南产地竹节参品质次之,四川产地品质较差。因此,栽培种‘鄂竹节参1号’在综合品质上优于野生种,可作为良种加以推广应用,贵州和云南产地野生资源竹节参品质较优,可作为竹节参药材的原植物。本研究结果可为竹节参开发利用、野生资源保护以及市场规范都具有一定的指导意义。To provide a theoretical basis for popularization and application of the excellent Panax japonicus in China, we analyzed the quality of Panax japonicus from different places. The total saponin, total protein, total sugar, polysaccharide and reducing sugar of Panax japonicus from Hubei, Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan were quantitatively analyzed by spectrophotometer, and oleanolic acid, hydrolyzed amino acid and free amino acid were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. The results showed that the contents of total protein, total sugar, polysaccharide and amino acid in ’E-Panax japonicus No.1’ were significantly higher than those in the other three areas, the oleanolic acid content was significantly higher than that in the other three areas in Guizhou, and the reducing sugar content was significantly higher than that in the other three areas in Yunnan. In addition, the contents of total saponin, total protein and amino acid of Panax japonicus were generally lower than that of Panax ginseng on the premise of basically the same growth years, but the sugar content was higher than that of Panax ginseng. The content of arginine was 38%~82% in Panax japonicus from different habitats, which is the highest amino acid in Panax japonicus. The results also showed that the content of oleanolic acid was negatively correlated with the content of total saponins in Panax japonicus. Comprehensive quality analysis shows that ’E-Panax japonicus No.1’ has the best quality, followed by Guizhou and Yunnan, and Sichuan. Therefore, ’E-Panax japonicus No.1’ was superior to the wild species in comprehensive quality, which could be used as a good species for promotion and application.The wild resources of Guizhou and Yunnan have the better quality, which could be used as the original plant of Panax japonicus. The results of this study can provide some guidance for the development and utilization, the protection of wild resources and the market regulation of Panax japonicus.

关 键 词：竹节参 品质测定 道地性 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]