碳中和目标下的气候治理国际法治体系建设  

The International Rule of Law System for Achieving Carbon Neutrality

作　　者：杨解君[1] 詹鹏玮 YANG Jiejun;ZHAN Pengwei

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学碳中和法律与政策国际研究院,江苏南京211816 [2]澳门科技大学法学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《学习与实践》2022年第12期67-77,共11页Study and Practice

基　　金：广东省高校人文社科重大攻关项目“应对气候变化的区域合作及其法制回应对策研究”(项目编号:2013ZGXM0006);澳门基金会2022年学术资助项目“粤港澳大湾区‘双碳’实现的法律合作研究”(项目编号:I00524-2112-553)。

摘　　要：现有的国际气候法治体系建立在《公约》《京都议定书》《巴黎协定》的框架基础上,这一体系在一定程度上推动了国际碳减排行动,但总体而言仍难以显著延缓气候变暖。一方面,不少国家碳中和专项法律的缺失使得碳中和行动落实缺乏具体依靠;另一方面,现有遵约机制下,《巴黎协定》规定的共同但有区别责任原则、绿色基金机制、技术支持机制以及国家自主贡献机制难以落到实处。对此,我国应发挥大国作用,制定气候治理与碳中和法律,以公约机制与公约外机制共同落实气候行动义务,并督促发达国家履行国际减排义务,从而助力我国和全球碳中和目标的实现。The existing global climate governance is based on UNFCCC,Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement.To some extent,this system has promoted countries to take action to reduce carbon emissions,but it is still tricky to slow down climate warming significantly.On the one hand,countries’lack of special laws on carbon neutrality leads to the lack of support for carbon neutrality action.On the other hand,the CBDR mechanism,GCF mechanism,Technical Support mechanism,and NDC mechanism agreed upon in the Paris Agreement have not been realised,hindering the process of reducing global carbon emissions.In this regard,China should take the lead in formulating legislation on climate governance and carbon neutrality,working with developing countries to take action on climate protect and supervising the developed countries to implement GCF and technical support obligations,which can help China or even more countries to achieve carbon neutrality.

关 键 词：碳中和 共同但有区别责任 国家自主贡献 气候治理 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]