一种抗合谋攻击的区块链网络分片算法  

Anti-collusion attack network sharding algorithm for blockchain

作　　者：李皎[1] 王煜田 高耀芃 Li Jiao;Wang Yutian;Gao Yaopeng(School of Computer Science,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学计算机学院,西安710065

出　　处：《计算机应用研究》2023年第1期28-32,41,共6页Application Research of Computers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61802301);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JM6096,2021GY-138);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划资助项目(17JK0597);西安石油大学研究生创新与实践能力培养计划资助项目(YCS20213207)。

摘　　要：分片技术是区块链用来解决可扩展性问题的主流技术之一。通过分片技术可以有效地提升区块链的吞吐量,然而由于子链算力分布不均导致区块链安全性差。为了降低网络分片引起的子链合谋攻击风险,提出基于一种抗合谋攻击的区块链网络分片算法(anti-collusion attack network sharding algorithm for blockchain,AANS)。该算法综合考虑节点行为特征及算力特征,通过轮询区块链网络中的恶意节点,将算力均匀分配在各个子链中,避免恶意节点聚集造成合谋攻击问题。仿真实验从子链恶意节点数量、子链合谋算力、子链合谋攻击占比和危险子链占比这四个方面验证所提出AANS算法的有效性。仿真结果表明,AANS算法可以有效避免子链恶意节点聚集,降低子链合谋攻击风险,保证区块链子链的安全性。Sharding is one of the mainstream technologies to solve the scalability of blockchain.Sharding can effectively improve the throughput of blockchain.However,the security of sub-chains is poor due to the uneven distribution of computing power of sub-chains.In order to reduce the risk of sub-chains’collusion attack caused by network sharding,this paper proposed an anti-collusion attack network sharding algorithm for blockchain(AANS).The algorithm comprehensively considered the behavior characteristics and the computing power of nodes,polled the malicious nodes among sub-chains,and evenly distributed the computing power of blockchain to sub-chains in order to avoid collusion attack caused by the aggregation of malicious nodes.Simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed AANS algorithm in term of malicious nodes number,sub-chains’collusion computing power,percentage of sub-chains’collusion attack and percentage of dangerous sub-chains.Simulation results show that AANS algorithm can effectively avoid the aggregation of malicious nodes in sub-chains,reduce the risk of collusion attack in sub-chains,and ensure the security of sub-chains in blockchain.

关 键 词：区块链可扩展性 分片技术 网络分片 合谋攻击 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]