不同基因型的香蕉叶片结构与褐缘灰斑病发生的相关性研究  

Correlation between Leaf Structure Characteristics and the Occurrence of Leaf Spot Disease for Different Banana Genotypes

作　　者：殷晓敏[1] 连子豪 刘永霞[1] 王丽霞[1] 陈弟 何应对[1] YIN Xiaomin;LIAN Zihao;LIU Yongxia;WANG Lixia;CHEN Di;HE Yingdui(Haikou Experimental Station,CATAS/Hainan Key Laboratory of banana Genetic Improvement,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院海口实验站/海南省香蕉遗传改良重点实验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2022年第11期27-32,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(No.ZDYF2021XDNY160);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(No.CARS-31-20)。

摘　　要：大型香蕉叶片是横出平行脉,使得褐缘灰斑病成为香蕉上一种常发性重要病害,为筛选抗病品种(系)节约时间和成本,以不同基因型香蕉品种(系)为对象,通过对气孔密度、气孔形态和叶肉组织结构各项指标的测定,分析其与病情指数的相关性。结果得出:不同基因型香蕉品种(系)在病情指数、气孔密度和叶肉组织结构间存在显著性差异,其中,红香蕉和广粉1号病情指数值最低,分别为7.05和8.09;红香蕉背部、腹部气孔密度和叶片厚度值最大,分别为328.45、98.75个/mm~2和359.57μm;广粉1号海绵组织和栅栏组织厚度值最大,分别为268.97和63.82μm。相关性分析得出:病情指数与背面、腹面气孔密度呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为–0.874和–0.757;病情指数与叶片厚度、海绵组织厚度呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为–0.591和–0.544。表明同一品种(系)背面气孔密度越多,腹面气孔密度随之增加,叶片气孔密度越大,病情指数越低,抗病性越强。叶片腹面、背面气孔密度可作为抗病性鉴定的初选指标,叶片厚度、海绵组织厚度可作为抗病性鉴定的辅助参考指标。Large banana leaves have transverse parallel veins, making Sigatoka diasease become a frequent and important disease of bananas. In order to save time and cost, the stomatal density, stomatal morphology and leaf tissue structure of different banana genotypes were measured, and their correlation with disease index was analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences between the disease index, stomatal density and mesophyll tissue structure of different genotypes of banana varieties. Red Banana and Guangfen No.1 had the lowest disease index values, which were 7.05 and 8.09, respectively.The stomatal density of the back and abdomen and leaf thickness of red banana were the highest, which were 328.45,98.75 Pieces·mmand 359.57 μm, respectively. The thickness of sponge tissue and palisade tissue of Guangfen No.1 was the largest, which were 268.97 and 63.82 μm respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences in stomatal density, stomatal morphology and leaf tissue structure among different banana genotypes, and the disease index was negatively correlated with stomatal density on dorsal cortical stomata and ventral cortical stomata, with correlation coefficients of –0.874and –0.757, respectively. The disease index was negatively correlated with leaf thickness and spongy tissue thickness, with correlation coefficients of –0.591 and –0.544, respectively. The stomatal density on the dorsal surface increased with the increase of stomatal density on the ventral surface, and the higher stomatal density on the leaf, the lower the disease index and the stronger the disease resistance. Stomatal density on the ventral surface and dorsal surface of leaves could be used as primary indexes for disease resistance identification, and leaf thickness and sponge tissue thickness could be used as auxiliary reference indexes for disease resistance identification.

关 键 词：香蕉褐缘灰斑病 气孔 组织结构 病情指数 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]