太湖流域移民村落祠堂建筑特征  

Architectural Characteristics of Ancestral Temples in Migrant Villages in Taihu Basin

作　　者：李元媛[1] LI Yuanyuan(College of Art and Design,Nanjing Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学艺术设计学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第6期115-123,共9页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部社会科学司青年基金项目“太湖流域宗族村落建筑景观特征研究”(20YJC760050);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目“苏南宗族村落建筑景观研究”(2019SJA0113)。

摘　　要：移民村落中的建筑景观具有复杂的特征,并非不同地域风格的简单混合,地域文化与移民文化的特性以及相互关系,对其形成起着重要作用。太湖流域是中国历史上移民南迁途中的重要中转站和定居地,形成了“开放兼容”的地域文化,使移民村落中的建筑景观具有极大的包容性,尤其是祠堂建筑呈现出“多元一体”的复杂特征:不同的建筑风格、不同的功能需求、不同的文化形态在同一个建筑中和谐共存、兼容发展,体现了地域文化与移民文化的交融与共生。笔者以江苏镇江儒里村的张氏祠堂为研究对象,通过案例研究与比较研究的方法,分析总结了在太湖流域的地域文化与移民文化的双重影响下,祠堂建筑在风格、功能以及文化传承等方面的特征。对太湖流域移民村落中宗族祠堂建筑特征的研究,不仅有利于探讨不同文化对建筑景观的影响,以及地域内建筑景观特征延续、变异的诱因与规律,也为不同地域内移民建筑的深化研究提供一些参考。Instead of a simple mixture of different regional styles,the architectural landscape in migrant villages has complex characteristics.The characteristics of and the relationship between local culture and migrant culture play an important role in its formation.The local culture of Taihu Basin,an important transit station and settlement site for migrants on their way south in Chinese history,is characterized by“openness and compatibility”,especially the ancestral temples presenting a complex feature of“multiplicity and unity”.Different architectural styles,different functional requirements and different cultural forms coexist harmoniously and develop in the same building,which reflects the blending and symbiosis of multiple regional cultures and migrant cultures.Taking Zhang's ancestral temple in Ruli Village of Jiangsu Province as the research object,the author analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of ancestral temples in terms of architecture style,function,and cultural inheritance under the dual influence of regional culture and migrant culture in Taihu Basin through a case study and comparative research approach.The research on the architectural features of ancestral temples in migrant villages in Taihu Basin is not only beneficial to explore the influence of different cultures on the architectural landscape,the causal factors and patterns of continuity and variation of architectural landscape features within the region,but also provides references for the further research of migrant architecture in different regions.

关 键 词：太湖流域 移民 祠堂 平面布局 建筑装饰 地域文化 

分 类 号：TU251[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]