部队新兵健康素养水平及知晓率现状分析  

Awareness rates and health literacy levels of military cadets

作　　者：张玲 郑传芬 荣红辉 卢路 彭毅 陈济安 ZHANG Ling;ZHENG Chuan-fen;RONG Hong-hui;LU Lu;PENG Yi;CHEN Ji-an(Department of Army Health Education,College of Military Preventive Medicine,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学军事预防医学系军队健康教育教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《军事医学》2022年第11期809-815,共7页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：陆军军医大学人文社科基金(2017XRW17)。

摘　　要：目的了解某部新兵健康素养水平及知晓率现状并分析其影响因素,为部队制定健康教育和健康促进方案提供参考。方法采用中国健康教育中心2015年编制的《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》对1846名新兵进行调查,内容包括健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能3方面,科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗和健康信息6类问题。利用χ~2检验和多元Logistic回归对调查数据进行分析。结果新兵健康素养总体水平为8.88%,健康素养得分为(37.07±12.45)分,健康素养知晓率为60.56%。在3个方面中,健康生活方式与行为素养水平最低,为10.18%;在6类问题上,慢性病防治素养水平最低,为9.75%。健康素养3个方面和6类问题中健康信息知晓率最低,为48.91%。新兵健康素养知晓率低于60%的条目有24条,占总条目的48%;其中食用大豆的好处知晓率最低,只有9.53%,其次为对肝脏的描述,仅10.78%。多元Logistic回归分析显示,女性健康素养水平高于男性(OR=2.407,95%CI:1.430~4.054),家庭所在地区农村低于城市地区(OR=0.613,95%CI:0.436~0.862),文化程度大专及以上健康素养水平最高(OR=1.799,95%CI:1.216~2.664),母亲职业为农民的健康素养水平最低(OR=0.491,95%CI:0.303~0.797)。结论新兵健康素养水平较低,特别是疾病防治方面,提示部队应重点加强慢性病防治、传染病防治以及基本医疗相关知识的宣传,结合知识薄弱环节,开展有针对性的健康教育干预,以促进部队新兵健康素养全面提升。[Abstract]Objective To find out about the current literacy level and awareness rate of health among recruits in a unit,and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide reference for formulating programs for health education and health promotion.Methods A total of 1846 recruits were surveyed via the China Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire compiled by China Health Education Center in 2015,involving three dimensions‐‐basic health knowledge and theory,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and fundamental skills and involving six types of problems‐‐scientific health concepts,infectious disease prevention and treatment,chronic disease prevention and treatment,safety and first aid,basicmedical care,and health information.χ~2test and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis were used.Results The overall level of health literacy among these new recruits was 8.88%,the score of health literacy was 37.07±12.45,and the health literacy awareness rate was 60.56%.Among the three dimensions,the level of life‐styles and behavior was the lowest,which was 10.18%.Among the six types of problems,the literacy level of chronic disease prevention and control was the lowest(9.75%).The awareness rate of health information was the lowest,which was 48.91%.There were 24 items(48%of the total)where the awareness rate was less than 60%.Among them,the awareness rate of the benefits of eating soybean was the lowest(9.53%),followed by descriptions of the liver(only 10.78%).Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the health literacy level of females was higher than that of males(OR=2.407,95%CI:1.430-4.054).Compared with urban areas,the health literacy level in rural areas was lower(OR=0.613,95%CI:0.436-0.862).The health literacy level of recruits with a college education and above was the highest(OR=1.799,95%CI:1.216-2.664).And the health literacy level of mothers who were farmers was the lowest(OR=0.491,95%CI:0.303-0.797).Conclusion The health literacy level of new recruits is low,especially regarding the prev

关 键 词：军事人员 健康教育 健康素养 知晓率 新兵 影响因素 

分 类 号：R821[医药卫生—临床医学]