健康男性官兵从中海拔地区进驻高原习服期身体反应变化规律研究  

Changes in physical reactions of male soldiers during altitude acclimatization from a medium-altitude area to plateaus

作　　者：赵海波 宁婕 郭建峰 ZHAO Hai-bo;NING Jie;GUO Jian-feng(Medical Team of Troops 93502,Hohhot 010051,China;Inner Mongolia People's Hospital,Hohhot 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军93502部队卫生队,呼和浩特010051 [2]内蒙古自治区人民医院,呼和浩特寺010051

出　　处：《军事医学》2022年第11期824-828,共5页Military Medical Sciences

摘　　要：目的通过观察健康男性官兵首次从中海拔地区进驻高原习服期心率、指脉氧、血压及急性高原反应的变化特点,分析生命体征变化规律和急性高原病(AMS)发生情况,为部队高原训练、作战等任务卫勤保障提供依据。方法以某部69名健康男性官兵为受试者,自海拔1500 m地区进驻海拔4400 m西藏地区,连续30 d监测心率、血压、指脉氧,同时填写AMS流行病学调查表,采用2018版急性高原病路易斯湖评分系统为诊断标准。结果受试者进入高原第6天,心率、血氧、血压变化达到高峰,经30 d习服期后逐步趋于平稳,但除收缩压外,其余生命体征均未恢复至原有水平;进驻高原1周内,AMS发病率为53.62%(37/69),主要不适症状为:头痛、疲劳或虚弱、头晕;初步习服后,以睡眠障碍(65.22%)和胃肠道症状(55.07%)最常见。结论健康男性官兵从中海拔地区进驻高原后AMS发病率低于由低海拔地区进驻高原人群。由于低氧刺激,生命体征在经历短期骤变后逐步趋于平稳,但短期内难以恢复至原有水平,通过1个月高原习服,基本适应高原环境,可进行适当强度体能训练。Objective To analyze the changes in heart rate(HR),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)and acute high-altitude reaction among healthy male soldiers who entered the plateau from a medium altitude area for the first time in order to provide reference for health support during military missions.Methods HR,SBP,DBP and SpO2were monitored for 30 days for the 69 healthy soldiers who had entered the4400-meter plateau from a 1500-meter area.Questionnaires on acute mountain sickness(AMS)were also filled out and scored by the Lake Louise AMS scoring system(LLS)(edition 2018).Results The changes in HR,SBP,DBP and SpO2reached the peak six days after they entered the plateau,and the vital signs were gradually stabilized after 30 days of acclimatization,but no vital signs except for SBP returned to the original levels.Thirty-seven of the 69 participants(53.62%)developed AMS,and the main symptoms were headache,fatigue or weakness and decline in activity,dizziness,difficulty sleeping and loss of appetite.However,after the initial acclimatization(30 days),sleep disorders(65.22%)and gastrointestinal symptoms(55.07%)became the most common symptoms.Conclusion The incidence of AMS on plateaus among people who used to live in medium-altitude areas is lower compared with those from the plains.Due to hypoxia stimulation,the vital signs will gradually become stabilized on the plateau after experiencing sudden changes,but it is difficult to reach the medium-altitude level in the short term.After one month of plateau acclimatization,officers and soldiers can generally adapt to the plateau environment well enough to conduct physical training of appropriate intensity.

关 键 词：中海拔地区 高原 急性高原反应 发病率 习服 

分 类 号：R594.3[医药卫生—内科学]