石墨炔基复合材料及其在生物小分子检测中的应用  

Surface-and interface-regulated graphdiyne-based composites and their applications in the detection of small biological signaling molecules

作　　者：宋钊 谷雨 张宁 范存霞 文海燕 郭春显 Zhao Song;Yu Gu;Ning Zhang;Cunxia Fan;Haiyan Wen;Chunxian Guo(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学材料科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]苏州科技大学物理科学与技术学院,苏州215009

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第31期3667-3678,共12页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21972102,21904092);国家重点研发计划(2021YFA0910400)资助。

摘　　要：石墨炔(graphdiyne,GDY)是一种由sp和sp2两种杂化碳构成的新型碳同素异形体,具有独特的sp-sp^(2)碳原子、均匀的孔隙和高度的π共轭结构,不仅能够提供特定反应的活性位点,而且可以有效锚定多种元素,实现高选择性催化的目的.石墨炔及其复合材料在生物信号小分子检测方面取得了一系列进展,但目前依然缺少相关综述.本文综述了近年来石墨炔及其复合材料在生物小分子检测领域的应用,讨论了石墨炔复合材料的发展及其在生物小分子检测中的最新研究进展;简单介绍了石墨炔基复合材料相关的结构、电子和光学等物理化学特性,总结了石墨炔复合材料的表界面调控策略;系统总结和分析了石墨炔复合材料在生物小分子检测领域的应用,聚焦于过氧化氢分子、葡萄糖分子、多巴胺分子和活细胞生物信号小分子的研究.最后,对石墨炔基复合材料及其在生物小分子检测应用的未来发展作了展望,特别提出开发更多的表界面工程策略以实现石墨炔基复合材料物化特性的精准调控,开拓其在其他重要信号分子的检测应用及实现多信号分子的同时检测,以及推动其在活体分析上的应用.Graphdiyne(GDY)is a novel diacetylene carbon allotrope with a two-dimensional(2D)planar network structure consisting of sp^(2) and sp carbon atoms.Since its successful fabrication on the surface of a copper foil during experimentation,GDY has been gaining increasing attention owing to its highπ-conjunction,wide interplanar spacing,tunable electronic properties,interesting structure,and excellent physicochemical stability.To date,extensive research efforts have been channeled toward theoretical prediction and synthesis methods and the applications of GDY and its derivatives in the fields of batteries,catalysts,biosensing,and biomedicine.Specifically,the unique properties of GDY,including a large hydrophobic planar network,specific surface area,and binding energies,render it an excellent compound for other functional materials or molecules to achieve high catalytic performance in the fields of biosensing and bioelectric chemistry.However,despite the great advances in GDY,reviews on the achievements are limited.The current review summarizes the recent advances of GDY and its derivatives in the sensing of small biological signaling molecules,focusing on the strategies for tailoring the surface and interface of the materials.The review also explores the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the materials and their sensing performance.The main contents of this review are as follows:First,we explain the structure and optical and electrical properties of GDY materials and describe the theoretical and experimental investigations on the basic properties of GDY.Owing to the unique structures of GDY,including its three-dimensional network pores and highπ-conjunction,GDY can be facilely combined with other functional materials to improve catalytic ability,which is beneficial for achieving high sensitivity for sensing small molecules.Next,we discuss the functionalization strategies of GDY.The presence of carbon–carbon triple bonds in GDY allows it to be doped with metallic and nonmetallic species,including

关 键 词：石墨炔 表界面调控 掺杂 生物小分子检测 细胞原位监测 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]