云南省成年居民慢性病危险因素流行情况及聚类特征分析  

Analysis of the prevalence and clustering characteristics of risk factors for chronic disease among adults in Yunnan Province

作　　者：陈红雨 秦明芳[2] 杨永芳[2] 杨希良 朱秋艳 宋欣 朱云芳 邵英[2] CHEN Hong-yu;QIN Ming-fang;YANG Yong-fang;YANG Xi-liang;ZHU Qiu-yan;SONG Xin;ZHU Yun-fang;SHAO Ying(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan Province 650500,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南省昆明650500 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防制所,云南省昆明650034

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2022年第11期806-810,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家重大公共卫生服务项目(2018年)。

摘　　要：目的分析云南省成人慢性病危险因素流行情况及聚类特征,为云南省慢性病防治干预提供参考依据。方法于2018年采用多阶段整群随机抽样法从云南省具有省级代表性的10个慢性病与营养监测点抽取6143人进行问卷调查、身体测量和实验室检测。采用频数和加权率对危险因素和聚类模式的人口学特征分布进行描述性分析,采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行基于复杂抽样设计的χ^(2)检验和快速聚类(K-Means聚类)分析。结果云南省成年居民7种慢性病危险因素流行率从高到低依次为:水果和蔬菜摄入不足(77.11%)、超重或肥胖(39.85%)、现在吸烟(35.67%)、红肉摄入过量(18.33%)、体力活动不足(14.54%)、睡眠不足(14.02%)及有害饮酒(10.25%)。慢性病危险因素聚类模式可分为3种:“低摄入-低消耗型”(65.50%)、“烟酒过量型”(19.52%)和“高摄入-高消耗型”(14.98%)。3种模式中“低摄入-低消耗型”高血压患病率较高(25.33%),而“烟酒过量型”的血脂异常率较高(40.93%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论云南省成人慢性病危险因素流行率较高且聚集性较为普遍,主要聚类模式为“低摄入-低消耗型”,对各聚类模式中的危险因素,可采取综合的干预措施,从而防控慢性病的发生发展。Objective To analyze the prevalence and clustering characteristics of risk factors for chronic diseases in adults of Yunnan Province,and provide the reference for the prevention and intervention of chronic diseases.Methods In 2018,the multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 6143 residents from 10 provincially representative monitoring sites in Yunnan Province as the subjects,the investigation was performed with the questionnaires,body measurements and laboratory tests.Frequency and weighting rates were used to describe the demographic distribution of risk factors and clustering models,theχ^(2)test based on a complex sampling design and K-Means cluster analysis were used to analyze the data,the used software was SPSS22.0.Results The order of prevalence rates for 7 risk factors of chronic diseases in adults of Yunnan Province was:the insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables(77.11%),overweight or obesity(39.85%),current smoking(35.67%),excessive intake of red meat(18.33%),insufficient physical activity(14.54%),insufficient sleep(14.02%)and harmful drinking(10.25%).The clustering models of chronic disease risk factors can be divided into three types:"low intake-low consumption type"(65.50%),"excessive tobacco and alcohol type"(19.52%)and"high intake-high consumption type"(14.98%).The hypertension morbidity of"low intake-low consumption type"was higher(25.33%),the rate of abnormal rate of blood lipid in"excessive tobacco and alcohol type"was higher(40.93%),P<0.01.Conclusion The prevalence of adults chronic disease risk factors in Yunnan Province is relatively high and the clustering is common.The main clustering model is"low intake-low consumption type".For the risk factors in each clustering model,the jointing intervention measures can be taken to prevent and control the development of chronic diseases.

关 键 词：慢性病 危险因素 聚类模式 流行特征 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]