人工繁育与野外鳄蜥选择体温和运动能力的比较  

Comparison of Selected Body Temperatures and Running Ability Between Captive-bred and WildShinisaurus crocodilurus

作　　者：张桐玮 程瑞 武正军[1,2] 何明先 钟春英 ZHANG Tongwei;CHENG Rui;WU Zhengjun;HE Mingxian;ZHONG Chunying(Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology(Guangxi Normal University),Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006 [2]广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期215-221,共7页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760623);广西大桂山鳄蜥国家级自然保护区管理局项目;广东韶关曲江罗坑省级自然保护区管理处项目。

摘　　要：为探究野外鳄蜥Shinisaurus crocodilurus与人工繁育鳄蜥在选择体温(T_(sel))与运动能力之间的差异性,在实验条件下测定了人工繁育鳄蜥与野外鳄蜥的选择体温与运动能力,结果发现:野外鳄蜥与人工繁育鳄蜥的选择体温无明显差异,且每个样本的选择体温与其性别、体质量、体长没有显著相关性。人工繁育会导致鳄蜥的运动能力下降,野外鳄蜥的瞬时跑速(1.098±0.167 m/s)与人工繁育鳄蜥(0.842±0.186 m/s)(P<0.001)相比存在极其显著差异;性别差异对鳄蜥的跑动速度不会产生影响。经过设计的人工饲养环境与野外鳄蜥的生存环境基本保持一致,可能是人工繁育与野外鳄蜥选择体温无显著变化的原因。而饲养空间相对较小、天敌威胁小以及人为投食的喂养方式可能是导致人工饲养鳄蜥运动能力下降的主要原因。为使人工繁育鳄蜥在放归后能够适应野外环境,需要在人工饲养过程中增加对其运动能力的训练。In order to investigate the difference between the selected body temperature(T_(sel))and locomotor ability of field Shinisaurus crocodilurus and captive-bred S.crocodilurus,the selected body temperature and locomotor ability of captive-bred S.crocodilurus and field S.crocodilurus were measured under experimental conditions.It was found that there was no significant difference between the selected body temperature of field and captive-bred S.crocodilurus and there was no significant correlation between the selected body temperature of each sample and its sex,body weight and body length.Artificial breeding resulted in a decrease in the locomotor ability of S.crocodilurus,and the instantaneous running speed of wild S.crocodilurus(1.098±0.167 m/s)was significantly higher than that of artificially bred S.crocodilurus(0.842±0.186 m/s)(P<0.001),and the sex factor had no significant effect on the instantaneous running speed of S.crocodilurus.The designed captive-breed habitat remained essentially the same as that of the field S.crocodilurus,resulting in no significant change in selected body temperature between the two.The relatively small feeding space,low threat of natural enemies and artificial feeding practices may be the main reasons for the reduced motility of captive S.crocodilurus.To enable captive-bred S.crocodilurus to adapt to the field environment later on,it’s necessary to incerease the training of their locomotor ability in the captive breeding process.

关 键 词：鳄蜥 人工繁育 野生群体 选择体温 放归 

分 类 号：S865[农业科学—野生动物驯养]