全州禾花鲤色素细胞组成、分布及色素含量观测  

Observation on the Composition,Distribution and Pigment Content of Chromatophores in Rice Flower Carp in Quanzhou,China

作　　者：武霞 许艺兰 文露婷 黄姻 覃俊奇 周康奇 杜雪松 陈忠 潘贤辉 宾石玉[1,3] WU Xia;XU Yilan;WEN Luting;HUANG Yin;QIN Junqi;ZHOU Kangqi;DU Xuesong;CHEN Zhong;PAN Xianhui;BIN Shiyu(College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture,Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences,Nanning Guangxi 530021,China;Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmented Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [2]广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,广西南宁530021 [3]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期222-229,共8页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960730);广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFBA297146);广西特色淡水鱼产业创新团队项目(nycytxgxcxtd-20-01);广西创新驱动发展专项资金(桂科AA17204094-5)。

摘　　要：采用显微镜、苏木精-伊红染色观察法和酶联免疫分析法,研究全州禾花鲤Cyprinus carpio不同部位皮肤、鳞片以及背鳍色素细胞的组成、分布、形态特征及色素含量,结果显示:全州禾花鲤背部呈乌褐色,腹部呈白色半透明,鳃盖透明可见鳃丝;鳞片中的色素细胞主要包括黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞以及少数红色素细胞,与建鲤Cyprinus carpio var.Jian相比不含鸟嘌呤结晶。背部皮肤中包含黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞和红色素细胞;腹部皮肤仅含有少量的黄色素细胞和红色素细胞,无黑色素细胞。鳍条中以黑色素细胞和黄色素细胞为主。皮肤切片染色观察显示,全州禾花鲤皮肤下无虹彩细胞带,皮肤中的黑色素和叶黄素含量分别为10.10 ng/L和1.53 mg/kg,分别比建鲤高39.70%(P<0.01)和低71.29%(P<0.05)。研究结果为进一步揭示全州禾花鲤特殊体色性状形成的分子机制和良种选育提供资料。In this study,the composition,distribution,morphological characteristics,and pigment content of pigment cells in different parts of the skin,scales,and dorsal fin of rice flower carp in Quanzhou(Cyprinus carpio)were studied by microscopy,hematoxylin-eosin staining,and enzyme-linked immunoassay.The results showed that the back of rice flower carp in Quanzhou was dark brown,the abdomen were white and translucent,the operculum was transparent with gill filaments were visible.The pigment cells in the scales mainly include melanophores,xanthophores,and a few erythrophores.Compared with C.carpio var.Jian,there were no containing guanine crystals in rice flower carp in Quanzhou.The back skin of rice flower carp in Quanzhou contains melanophores,xanthophores,and erythrophores;the abdominal skin of rice flower carp in Quanzhou contains only a small amount of xanthophores and erythrophores,without melanophores.The results also showed that melanophores and xanthophores are the main cells in fin rays.The staining observation of skin sections showed that there was no iridophores band under the skin of rice flower carp.The contents of melanin in the skin of rice flower carp in Quanzhou was 10.10 ng/L and 39.70%(P<0.01)higher than that of C.carpio var.Jian,and the lutein was 1.53 mg/kg,which was 71.29%(P<0.05)lower than that of C.carpio var.Jian.This study laid a foundation for further revealing the molecular mechanism of the formation of special body-color traits of rice flower carp in Quanzhou and the breeding of improved varieties.

关 键 词：全州禾花鲤 色素细胞 形状性状 体色 调控 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]