冀南地区小麦叶锈病发生现状与主要致病因素分析  

Occurrence situation of wheat leaf rust disease and analysis of pathogenic factors in the south of Hebei province

作　　者：孟麟硕 彭彬彬 孙新康 崔钟池 王海燕[1] 刘大群[1] MENG Linshuo;PENG Binbin;SUN Xinkang;CUI Zhongchi;WANG Haiyan;LIU Daqun(College of Plant Protection/Biological Control Technological Innovation Center of Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei Province,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治技术创新中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2022年第6期10-15,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32172384);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2020204028)。

摘　　要：为明确河北省南部(冀南)小麦叶锈病发生因素,本研究系统调查了2020—2021年冀南地区小麦叶锈病发生情况。研究发现冀南地区小麦叶锈病发生普遍,馆陶、深州、南和地区小麦叶锈病发生严重,病情指数分别为61.11、50.96和47.56。结合气象资料分析,发现馆陶地区小麦叶锈病发生严重的主要原因是4月份相对湿度偏高、5月份降水量大;南和地区发病严重的主要原因是3、5月份降水量偏多,3月份相对湿度大;深州地区发病严重的主要原因是种植品种为农户自留种,抗叶锈性差。将采集的不同地区小麦叶锈菌标样接种于感病小麦品种‘金禾’,单孢子堆分离后进行小麦叶锈菌生理小种的扩繁,随后接种于16个小麦叶锈菌鉴别寄主,通过表型观察明确2020—2021年冀南地区优势小麦叶锈菌生理小种为THTT。本研究基于冀南小麦叶锈病发生情况的调查和气象资料分析,探讨了小麦叶锈病发生的主要因素,为冀南小麦叶锈病的抗病育种、综合防控提供了理论依据。In order to clarify the pathogenic factors of wheat leaf rust disease in the south of Hebei province,the occurrence situation of wheat leaf rust disease was investigated in the south of Hebei province in 2020—2021.The results showed that wheat leaf rust disease was common in the south of Hebei province,and serious in Guantao,Shenzhou and Nanhe with disease indexes of 61.11,50.96 and 47.56,respectively.Considering the meteorological factors,it is found that the main epidemic factors of wheat leaf rust disease in Guantao were the high relative humidity in April and a large amount of precipitation in May;The epidemic factors of wheat leaf rust disease in Nanhe were the high precipitation in March and May and the high relative humidity in March;And the epidemic factors of wheat leaf rust disease in Shenzhou were the poor resistant ability of the varieties planted by farmers.The Puccinia triticina(Pt)samples collected from different regions were inoculated on susceptible wheat variety Jinhe,then single spore was isolated,cultured,and inoculated into 16 near-isogenic lines of wheat to identify their type of race.Through phenotypic observation,the physiological race of the dominant Pt was THTT.Taken together,this study discussed the main epidemic factors of wheat leaf rust disease in the south of Hebei province,which will provide references for comprehensive prevention and control of wheat leaf rust disease in the south of Hebei province.

关 键 词：冀南地区 小麦叶锈菌 病三角 流行因素 生理小种 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]