生防菌复合基质对西瓜幼苗的促生作用及枯萎病的防治效果  

Effects of compound substrate with biocontrol bacteria on watermelon seedling growth and fusarium wilt control

作　　者：崔梦娇 杨洋 李敬蕊[1] 吴晓蕾[1] 宫彬彬[1] 高洪波[1] 吕桂云[1] CUI Mengjiao;YANG Yang;LI Jingrui;WU Xiaolei;GONG Binbin;GAO Hongbo;LV Guiyun(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agriculture University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2022年第6期88-93,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31872132);河北省现代农业产业技术体系设施蔬菜创新团队项目;河北省研究生教育质量提升项目(KCJSX2022048)。

摘　　要：以‘早佳8424’西瓜品种为试验材料,研究6种生防菌复合基质育苗对西瓜幼苗生长及枯萎病的防治效果。结果表明,6种生防菌复合基质对西瓜幼苗都具有一定的促生效果,枯草芽孢杆菌HBKYB-5促生作用最显著,幼苗株高、茎粗、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部鲜重、地上部干重、壮苗指数、叶绿素含量、根系活力分别为对照的127.5%、131.1%、170%、137.1%、144.4%、139.2%、111.6%、124.7%。6种生防菌复合基质对西瓜枯萎病均具有防治效果,接种病原菌15 d后,防效达到37.25%~74.05%,HBKYB-5防效最为显著。平板对峙培养试验发现,HBKYB-5显著抑制西瓜枯萎病菌生理小种1生长,抑菌率达56.82%。综上,HBKYB-5生防菌复合基质在西瓜幼苗促生作用和枯萎病防治方面的效果最好。This study compared the effects of six biocontrol bacteria supplemented to the compound substrates on watermelon seedling growth and Fusarium wilt control.The watermelon(Citrullus lanatus.)variety Zaojia 8424was employed as experimental material.The results showed that biocontrol bacterium Bacillus subtilis HBKYB-5significantly increased plant height(by 127.5%),steam diameter(by 131.1%),fresh weight ratio of shoot(by 170%)and root(by 137.1%),dry weight of shoot(by 144.4%),strong seedling index(by 139.2%),chlorophyll content(by 111.6%)and root vitality compared with that of the control(by 124.7%).Compound substrates with six biocontrol bacteria had 37.25%-74.05%control effects on Fusarium wilt of watermelon seedlings at 15 d after inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum.The compound substrate with biocontrol bacterium Bacillus subtilis HBKYB-5had the best control effect on Fusarium wilt.Further studies found that Bacillus subtilis HBKYB-5 could significantly inhibit mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f sp.niveum race 1,whose inhibition rate of mycelial growth reached 56.82%.The compound substrate with biocontrol bacterium Bacillus subtilis HBKYB-5 had the best combination effect on watermelon seedling growth and control of watermelon Fusarium wilt.

关 键 词：西瓜 枯萎病 生防菌 复合基质 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]